Aid is not the Way to Development - 1427 Words

Trade, not aid, is the key to economic growth in developing countries. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Introduction Most of the developing countries are mired deeply in economical obstacles, which prevent them from development significantly. In order to overcome those embarrassments world’s society struggles to find the efficient solution for poor countries’ economies. Historically, developed countries undertook policy of giving aid to their colonies, afterwards by the end of The Second World War the United States and United Nations embarked the global sponsorship to the developing countries and countries of the Third World due to humanitarian considerations. Since then many other countries have joined in the effort to provide financial aid to lesser developed or poverty ridden countries. But none of those countries that received an aid had experienced a prosperity phase and rapid economic growth. This piece of writing will provide evidences and determine whether trade is the key to economic growth in developing countries but not aid. While trade is the key to economic g rowth in developing countries, good governance also plays a vital role in economic development. Nevertheless, aid and trade are aimed at different goals. This assignment starts with investigating the connection between aid and development with providing an evidence of its negative impact. It also compares the effect of trade and aid. Secondly, itShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the China-Africa Relation1563 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal and external factors on economic development. From these conflicting views emerge theories on the effect of aid, investment and trade on economic growth––which, in current literature, suggests an ambiguous result. On the issue of aid, Pronk (2001) pointed out that aid can be seen as a catalyst rather than a primer mover, in the sense that aid is not a cause of development but a push or support to development. In the China-Africa relation, the role of aid has been to allow recipient countriesRead MoreThe United States Foreign Aid to Developing Countries: A Research Report1679 Words   |  7 Pagesleader in foreign aid to developing countries. It gives foreign aid to such countries in order to promote political stability and economic prosperity, a natural interest for any global hegemon. This aid comes in the form of money, food, humanitarian work, and military assistance. The countries who receive the foreign aid certainly need assistance, but do not always use the aid wisely. Now that our country is undergoing serious fiscal deficits, the nations costly foreign aid commitments must beRead MoreInternational NGOs and the Aid Industry1024 Words   |  4 PagesThe Article â€Å"International NGOs and the Aid Industry: constraints on international Solidarity† by Molly Kane is about the Make Poverty History campaign, which is a campaign that tried to eliminate global poverty using governmental action. It was initiated by NGOs trying to gain more aid, to help eliminate third world countries debt, and to help solve trade injustice. The campaign noticed an increase in North American development NGOs, and how all of them were campaigning for social change globallyRead MoreThe Role Of Director Of The New Zealand Aid Programme Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesthe role of the Director of the New Zealand Aid Programme (NZAP). Studying the inconsistent implementation of past aid policies, I will use the Pacific to outline my vision for the direction of future aid administration. Guided by the principle purpose of New Zealand’s first independent aid organisation, NZAID, and in keeping with international aid trends, my vision for NZAP would work towards one clear goal: the elimination of poverty. New Zealand aid policies have been reorganised over the pastRead MoreWell-Distributed Food Aid to Kenya to Create Self-Relience Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals in need of food aid. These circumstances can be either man-made such as over farming or natural for example drought. In conducting this research, evidence will show some current solutions of providing food aid in Kenya as well as understanding what the future potential developments are. Research topic: Food aid in Kenya: a problem or solution? Research question: Is food aid a sustainable strategy to solving the food crisis in Kenya? Thesis: Providing food aid to Kenya is good as longRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages Giving Aid1521 Words   |  7 Pageswho achieved the process countries are those which are in the process of development. (Ashwath Komath, April 19, 2010). According to (Andrew Page, 2005) Foreign Aid or Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a transfer of resources on concessional terms which are undertaken by official agencies. Mostly, the countries that receive foreign aid are usually developing countries. Poverty is the main focus of giving the foreign aid. This situation always happened to many countries due to the conditionsRead MoreHow Can African Nations Achieve Economic Growth? Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pagessubstantially reduce poverty in hopes of achieving their desired status. In order for African nations to further develop themselves, they must invest in higher amounts of free trade within Africa, which will boost economic growth, receive specified aid from developed nations and citizen participation, in order to improve their own government, and act as a follower country, which would be used to invest in better human living conditions. Merriam Webster defines an economy as, â€Å"the process or systemRead MoreA Controversial View Of Development Discourse863 Words   |  4 PagesThe discussion topic is referring to a controversial view of development discourse. Development means what ‘we’ can do for ‘them’, here ‘we’ denotes the first world countries or the west and ‘them’ refers to the developing countries. This essay will discuss the issue based on three different perspectives of three well-known references- The End of Poverty: How we can make it happen in our lifetime by Sachs (Sachs, 2005); The Bottom Billion by Collier (Collier, 2007) and Easterly’s The White Man’sRead MoreForeign Assistance For Foreign Aid1553 Words   |  7 Pages The dictionary definition of the term foreign aid is: The administered transfer of resources from the advanced countries for the purpose of encouraging economic growth in developing countries. [Bannock:1988 P.164 ] However, so as not to confuse foreign aid with the investments of multinational corporations or commercial banks, many economists require foreign aid to meet two distinct criteria: 1) Its objective must be noncommercial from the point of view of the donor and 2) it should be characterizedRead MoreDon t Become A Philanthropic Colonialist999 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2000, United Nations announced the Millennium Declaration for global development and committed to achieve eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 (United Nations, 2000). Over the past 15 years, by reviewing and reflecting the failures and success of these ambitious goals (Childs, 2015), the debate about international giving continues. To support the stance about â€Å"the U.S. government and NGOs should stop aiding more to foreign countries,† this memo will briefly indicate this stand. In

Stockholm Syndrome’S Role In Exploitation. Life Threatening

Stockholm Syndrome’s Role in Exploitation Life threatening situations produce feelings of inefficacy, when in reality individuals often have some extent of control over the outcome. Psychological research concludes that human brains assume control during traumatizing times, often without the individual being conscious of it occurring. A common area when our brains go into an â€Å"autopilot† mode is during situations of exploitation, specifically in those who are exploited. Stockholm syndrome represents one such ‘autopilot’ process; a psychological phenomenon that causes those who are in stressful situations to develop a feeling of trust for who/what is causing them distress. Stockholm Syndrome presents a unique coping mechanism for trauma†¦show more content†¦During a traumatic event, victims subconsciously attempt to increase chances of survival by pleasing the criminals who have total control over them. In fact, â€Å"victims exhibit sympathy and positive bonding towards captors while fear, d istrust and even hostility may be directed† at those who are trying to save the hostages (Speckhard et. al. Mufel 148). After seeing that the psychological effects of Stockholm were so common in hostage situations, perpetrators took note of the phenomenon and brought it to the front of their criminal strategies. Perpetrators began to use the â€Å"advantage of Stockholm syndrome to get victims to comply† with captivity, and inevitably aid in the captor s success of whichever illegal crime he/she commits (Fabrique et. al. Van Hasselt 12). Inevitably, Stockholm syndrome is not only present in hostage situations, but also in other areas where exploitation is common. Understanding Stockholm syndrome remains crucial in understanding all the issues it occurs during. Recruiters of child soldiers utilize the effects of Stockholm syndrome in their juvenile recruits for further success in exploitation. Child soldiers have become very common in places of constant war or combat. With the need for more soldiers as others die off, the juvenile population in places such as West Africa and the Middle East is plentiful. Militant recruiters in these regions

Dhaka city Traffic Jam free essay sample

Over the last few years the transportation problem of Dhaka City has visibly been deteriorating steadily. Citizens constantly complain about the unbearable twin problems of traffic jam and air pollution. Democracy watch decided to address this problem through an opinion poll covering around eight hundred households randomly selected from several purposively selected neighbourhoods of the city, representatives of middle and lower income areas. The questions asked focused mainly on three issues: (a) the nature of the problem as perceived by the surveyed residents, (b) their understanding about the causes of these problems and (c) their recommendations on solutions to these perceived problems. Some preliminary results from this survey were presented at a workshop, which was participated by persons associated with the formulation and implementation of traffic policies, rules and programmes . This Draft Final Report benefits from valuable discussion and comments received at the workshop. The methodology of this survey is explained below in brief. It is easy to see that the study extended beyond a standard opinion poll and entered the arena of investigative research in seeking some explanations to perceptions as well as behaviour. The findings are presented mainly in the form of self-explanatory tables with some introductory highlights and conclusions. A further extension of the survey is currently being completed to cover the very poor and the rich categories of residents as was recommended by several participants at the workshop mentioned earlier. Reasons behind traffic jam (a)City lay-out (master plan) and over-population: The causes of traffic congestion in Dhaka city are multifarious. Starting from the city itself, it is observed that the skeleton, structure and lay-out of Dhaka City are not well-planned and well-directed†¦. Traffic Congestion In Dhaka City In today’s world, the success of a city depends on its economy, which in turn is dependant on the infrastructure, among other things. The importance of the infrastructure can be particularly felt by the citizens of Dhaka in its traffic system, as its congestion reminds us of how important it is to have a good transport system. †¢ We the citizens of Dhaka are suffering because our traffic system is failing us, as it is resulting in less efficiency in various fields, such as business. †¢ Due to traffic congestion, our valuable times and energy are being wasted. †¢ The problem of traffic congestion and uncontrolled vehicle emission make life miserable in Dhaka city causing threat to health. †¢ Everyday work-hours are unnecessarily wasted due to traffic jam. It has a great economic impact on production and thus on our economy. †¢ Traffic congestions intensify sufferings of commuters keeping people motionless as well as creating suffocating condition in the streets. Is this essay helpful? Join OPPapers to read more and access more than 600,000 just like it! reasons of Traffic Congestion are mentioned below: 1. The minimum road requirement is 25% for a standard city, whereas Dhaka has only 7.  5% road of its total area which is creating huge traffic. Moreover, if we look at the map of Dhaka city, the road connection of north and south is comparatively better than east and west which is causing people to take a longer route to travel. 2. The district truck and bus travel through heart of the capital city due to no bypass road. For example, a person who lives in Chittagong must enter Dhaka to reach Kushtia. 3. The Export Processing Zone (EPZ) which is established near Dhaka forces the vehicles to move from Savar to Dhaka to Chittagong. Our EPZ is oriented to bulk products like garments and it must be located near sea port. 4. Every day thousand of people are entering the city as our economic activity and administration like education, health sector are all Dhaka centered. There is no attempt for decentralization. 5. Bangladesh population growth is†¦ Thousands of pedestrians in Dhaka jaywalk every day, particularly during rush hours, risking their lives and the lives of motorists and sometimes with fatal consequences. Jaywalking has reached such an alarming state that fatalities are recorded almost every day. Pedestrians are often seen crossing the streets at places they are not supposed to while talking to each other or on mobile phones oblivious to things around them. Some seem to be unaware of the doctrine â€Å"Don’t run across the road†. Jaywalking is so widespread that it has become almost a norm and motorists are often blamed for mishaps despite the fact that the pedestrian he or she hit was jaywalking. The fast Airport Road from Uttara to Mohakhali, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shaheed Tajuddin Sarani (Tejgaon), and Mirpur Road are the ones where most fatal accidents to pedestrians happen. Largely, people’s tendency to flout traffic rules and lack of adequate facilities for pedestrians, illegal occupation of pavements by parked cars, shops, vendors and construction materials contribute to pedestrians use of the streets, said traffic experts. A journalist died at Bangla Motor intersection while crossing Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue in 2005. Dhaka University student Shammee Akhter Happy was run over by a speeding bus while crossing the Shahbagh intersection in 2005. Sultana Akhtar Sumi, a 20-year student of Narayanganj Art College, died on April 3, 2009, as she stepped on a livewire and fell from the under-construction footbridge near Shishu Park. According to Accident Research Institute at Buet, 380 deaths occur on the streets of Dhaka every year, and 75 percent are pedestrians. â€Å"Lack of enforcement of law to free pedestrians’ facilities is the foremost reason why people go on jaywalking,† said M Rahmatullah, former director (transport) of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Absence of useful underpasses, footbridges and pavements force people into jaywalking, said Rahmatullah. On controlling jaywalking, Selim Md Jahangir, deputy commissioner (traffic west zone) of Dhaka Metropolitan Police, said it is practically impossible for the police to stop jaywalking because it is a massive problem with almost everyone having a tendency to break traffic laws. The volume of pedestrians compared to that of vehicles at certain places is many times higher and police have to control traffic, he said. Dhaka City Corporation, entrusted with providing facilities to pedestrians, has been turning a blind eye to pavements occupied by illegal structures, parked cars, makeshift shops and construction materials. The DCC has only 390 kilometres of pavements while it has 1,900 kilometres of roads, said DCC officials. Most of the 52 footbridges in the city remain unused for various reasons. The DCC has four underpasses: one each at Gulistan intersection, Gabtoli bus terminal, Syedabad (Dhalpur) and Karwan Bazar. Apart from the one at Syedabad, the rest are in a poor state. Nargis Chowdhury, a bank employee at Karwan Bazar and a resident of West Raza Bazar, said, â€Å"I never feel encouraged to use the Karwan Bazar underpass as it is often dark and infested with beggars, vagabonds and is very filthy. † Prof Jamilur Reza Chowdhury, noted civil engineer and transport expert, said a key reason behind jaywalking is that most of the city dwellers are rural people who migrated or are first-generation urban dwellers. Another reason is utterly unplanned footbridges that the pedestrians do not feel encouraged to use. Footbridges are not in a favourable state for the pedestrians to use. Some of them have been taken over by vendors, beggars and vagabonds, like the one at New Market, or they have human excreta on them. â€Å"They are not user-friendly,† he said. Provision for on-the-surface pedestrian crossings should also be there too. People’s tendency is not to climb up a footbridge. Moreover, there are no required footbridges across many busy roads like Shaheed Tajuddin Sarani (Tejgaon), Gulshan Avenue, and at intersections like Shahbagh, Nabisco, and Mohakhali. Existing traffic signals are not pedestrian-friendly at all, according to those who research in the transport sector. Physically disabled, elderly people and children have no alternative but to use the footbridges. According Prof Nazrul Islam, an urban researcher, around half the city dwellers go to work on foot. Around 90 to 95 percent of the poor and people of the low-income group go to work on foot. Roughly, one crore people live in the DCC area of around 150 square kilometres. Prof Jubayer-bin-Alam of Civil Engineering Department of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (Buet) in a study on Sustainable Transport for Urban Poor found 12 of 20 lakh garment workers go to work on foot in the central part of the city. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, chairman of the parliamentary standing committee on the communications ministry, earlier admitted that many footbridges have been built without any proper planning. 3. 2 Reasons behind traffic jam The following reasons are responsible for traffic jam in Dhaka city- (a) City lay-out (master plan) and over-population: The causes of traffic congestion in Dhaka city are multifarious. Starting from the city itself, it is observed that the skeleton, structure and lay-out of Dhaka City are not well-planned and well-directed. Dhaka is also a highly populated city. More than one crore people live here and the figure is increasing day by day. This huge population acts as an auto-catalyst of traffic congestion in Dhaka City. (b) Inadequate and unplanned roads: Dhaka City has very inadequate road networks. For a standard city, where the minimum road requirement is 25%, Dhaka has only 7. 5% road of its total area. 30% of this 7. 5% road is also occupied by the hawkers, salesman and shopkeepers. A significant portion is occupied by construction materials and waste-containers of the City Corporation. As a result, vehicles do not get sufficient space to move on. Besides this, in most cases roads are serpentine rather than being straight. This ultimately breeds a number of unnecessary junctions where vehicles automatically slow down. Again, these roads are also not well constructed and regularly repaired. City Corporation, DESA, WASA, BTTB excavate the roads randomly without any integrated and central plan. Lack of proper maintenance causes the vehicle to stop without any prior notice. During the rainy season the situation becomes more critical while the roads go under water due to heavy rain.  (c) Heterogeneous vehicles and inadequate public transport: Dhaka is a city of heterogeneous vehicles. Human puller to latest model automobile, mechanical to non-mechanical, slow to fast-moving, nothing left on the road of Dhaka. It is quite difficult to control all these vehicles on the same road as they have different speed capacity. Besides this, public transport system in Dhaka city is not adequate and properly-routed. Instead of big and spacious buses, presence of large number of mini-buses and private vehicles can only contribute to carry few passengers, but not to reduction of traffic congestion. City transports also stop here and there without any valid reason. The three major bus stations, Sayedabad, Gabtoli and Mohakhali do not have sufficient capacity to accommodate all the buses operating from here. A recent addition to road blockage is the long queue of vehicles at CNG stations, which is really difficult to overcome. Challenges we face (a) People are not law abiding: At this stage, I am going to mention a few problems that we always face to address the traffic issues. Most important problem that we realize ‘people are not law abiding, they do not want to follow traffic rules’. Pedestrians show less interest to use footpath, foot-over-bridge or under-pass. Similarly, drivers neither try to maintain the speed nor follow the lane. In most cases, as the punishment is nominal, they tend to breach the rules again and again. (b) Inadequate logistics: Our traffic management system is not automated and well-equipped. All the junctions are not facilitated with signal lights. Where there are lights, most often those remain out of order. Moreover, uneven flow of vehicles from different directions reduces the effectivity of traffic signals. Besides, we do not have sufficient vehicles to chase a car or bus committed an accident. (b) Shortage of Manpower: We do not have sufficient and well-trained human resources. Four thousand officers work in two shifts- morning and afternoon. Due to administrative and other involvement, only fifteen hundred officers can be engaged in one shift to control the movement of millions of people and vehicles in Dhaka City. This figure is quite insufficient to manage the existing traffic scenario. Achievements of Traffic Division Now I am going to highlight a few of our achievements. We have already made most of the important roads free from non-mechanical vehicles especially rickshaw. You can understand very well, complete withdrawal of rickshaw is a very sensitive and delicate issue. Thousands of people are living their lives by pulling rickshaws, and also this is one of the popular communication means for low and mid-level income group people. However, following the existing rules, and time to time government instructions, we have conducted several operations against illegal rickshaws and filed a number of cases. We have introduced one way vehicle movement strategy in different areas. This has given much better result. We are taking strict legal action against violators of traffic rules. Last year we filed 4 lakh 88 thousand cases and realized 16 crore 50 lakh taka as fine. We have arranged several strategic and motivational meetings with government and transport agencies and finally succeeded to control the movement of truck and other long-route vehicles. Now trucks and long-route buses can enter city only after 10 o’clock at night. We have also conducted special operation against model-out vehicles and the number has reduced significantly. Removal of baby taxi is a notable example. Recommendations However, it is understandable that resolving the problem of traffic jam in Dhaka city is not possible within a short time. It needs both short-term and long-term strategies. Short-term strategies may include re-adjusting the school and office time keeping at least one hour difference, re-routing the public transport, reducing and replacing private transport with convenient and cheaper public transport, fixing different fare for rush and non-rush hour and finally keeping the foot-ways free from hawkers and shopkeepers. Long-term strategies, on the other hand, may be constructing long flyover from one end to another end of city, introducing underground rail service, undertaking co-ordinated and integrated strategies among different agencies working for city development, replacing rickshaws by assuring proper rehabilitation of rickshaw-pullers, constructing under-pass and foot-over-bridge in different important junctions and finally decentralizing the city itself. To reduce traffic congestion in Dhaka City, the most vital prerequisite that I feel, is the development of public consciousness. Unless and until we change our perception and develop a mind to abide traffic rules, whatever strategy we take, that will not work properly. I believe, our law-abiding consciousness, good-intention and sincere co-operation can remarkably reduce traffic jam in Dhaka city. These were all from me. At this stage, I would like to invite questions from you. I believe, your participation will make the session more enjoyable and will definitely enrich my understanding and knowledge. Again, I would like to take the honour to extend my cordial thanks and appreciation to the authority of ‘American Chamber of Commerce in Bangladesh’ for inviting me here in this scholarly gathering. I do believe, today’s ceremony is a shiny reflection of better friendship and relationship between Bangladesh and US government. I hope and expect, in future, this relationship will bring more fruitful and beneficial results for both the countries. Traffic Management Expected questions (Arguments) 1. Rickshaw -Complexities in withdrawal of rickshaw (a) Huge employment (b) Vehicles for low income and mid level income group people (c) Environment friendly (pollution free) (d) No fuel consumption recommendation (a) Withdrawal of rickshaw phase by phase (b) At present may be allowed in pocket roads 3. Deployment of Army reduces traffic Jam (e) Situation sustains for short time (f) Jam shifts from one place to another (g) Number of manpower increases 4. Cantonment -Traffic Scenario is better (a) Limited vehicles run (b) Most of the people are disciplined as they are military representative 5. Limitations -Police face (a) Manually operated (b) Not equipped with advanced technology (c) Not well trained human resources (d) Most cases Constable does not have arresting power (Sergeant required) (e) Nominal fine (f) (f) do not have vehicles to chase car or buses Achievements of traffic division (a) Roads are free from human puller (b) One way roads (c) Controlled movement of trucks and long-route buses (d) Cases filed – 4 lakh 88 thousand (Year 2007) (e) Revenue earned – 16 crore 50 lakh ( Year 2007 ) 7. Areas to emphasize We need integrated and holistic approach (a) Traffic Education (for mass people) (b) Traffic Engineering (infrastructure) (c) Traffic Enforcement (by police) (d) Traffic Environment (participation of all) 8. Punishment given – 300 officers (2007) From Northern part of Dhaka, main business district Motijheel is about 25 kilometers. If a car moves at the speed of 60 KM per hour, one should reach Motijheel in 25 minutes. If at 30 KM per hour, even than people should reach in 1 hour maximum. But it is a common scenario in Dhaka that to reach from Northern part to the main business district during rush hours one needs more than 2 hours at least. Sometimes it is even 4 hours. During all governments in the recent years, it has been a public demand that government should take steps to ease Dhaka traffic congestion. To ease traffic congestion, during the last BNP government [2001-2006] two FLYOVERS has been constructed in Dhaka. One at Banani and the other at Khilgaon area of the city. Adding of two flyovers doesn’t seem to have done much in easing traffic congestion. Government has to think of other substitutes. Already government has declared building of circular river ways centering Dhaka. During the rule of BNP government a circular river way was made. But because of poor maintenance and improper management, the venture didn’t work. Massive renovation work is required to put the things back in shape. The concerned minister has already taken initiative to restore the river ways around Dhaka. Once it was believed that main reason for Dhaka Traffic Congestion is slow moving Rickshaws. But, now a day almost all the main avenues of Dhaka are free from Rickshaws. Except for a few main avenues and inner lanes, Dhaka is free from Rickshaws. Removing of Rickshaws certainly has been beneficial in doing something, e. g.  , if Dhaka still had Rickshaws plying on the main roads along with the fast moving vehicles, Dhaka would completely paralyze. Expansion of commuter train service connecting Dhaka and adjacent districts in order to reduce pressure of traffic in the capital is under active consideration of the government. The government has a plan to introduce more commuter trains connecting Dhaka with its adjacent districts to free th e capital from traffic congestion. One problem still remains, as some of the Rail-Ways pass through one of the busiest roads in Dhaka, when Trains pass; obstruction has to be created to avoid collision. According to experts that creates congestion not only near the Rail Gates but in the whole city. There is a substitute method in resolving traffic congestion. Many experts believe that there should be no rail roads within the city. These roads which belong to the Rail Ways can be transformed into ONE WAY EXPRESS WAY with FLYOVERS or UNDERPASSES where it meets the existing roads. Uttara Model Town is located in the Northern end of the Metropolitan Dhaka. There is already a Railway station quite adjacent to Uttara. According to many, Trains coming from other districts, should not be allowed to go within the city. Because it hampers the flow of other vehicles. There was a time when Dhaka International Airport was within the city. When the airport was shifted from the main city to the present location, people thought it was needless. But now, need to shift even the present airport to a far-away place is under active consideration. Same way, in case of the Railway Station, the main station is located in the busiest area of the city, Kamalapur. Kamalapur Railway Station was built in the sixties. The railway minister put emphasis on improving the railway system as train fares is cheaper and the service comfortable compared to other modes of transport. But it should be also considered that if more trains run, more of traffic congestion will surely be created as it will interrupt other vehicles to flow smoothly! Men have stepped on the moon. Now they are going from one place to another with few hours. But the citizens of Dhaka(sometimes) can not reach to Gulistan Jatrabari from Mohakhali or Farmgate within few hours. Who is responsible for this? Traffic Jam is that magician. Traffic jam has become a great monster in our modern life. Traffic jam has turned daily trips into nightmares. The business community inevitably suffers for the constant waste of its most precious resource of time. Others commuters complain of being stuck in jam for hours an end, while residents breathe in a lat more lead and almost 10 percent of its population seeks medical treatment each year for air pollution related respiratory illnesses. I. Drivers don’t comply with traffic rules. II. Allegations of police support to makeshift shops on footpaths and street sidelines and illegal automobile and rickshaw parking, which occupy more than a third of the streets. III. Some police officers are busy for extracting money for allowing illegal parking. IV. Lack of automatic traffic signals, slow-moving illegal rickshaws and rail crossings are also causing serious traffic jam. Many roads of Dhaka city are not spacious according to the necessity. As aresult, traffic jam occurs very now and then in the congested areas even of the highways. Overtaking tendency is another reason which causes traffic jam. Moreover, our traffic system is not so modern and the number of traffic police is insufficient. It is a matter of shame that some so-called politicians.  , student leaders and selfish persons also create traffic jam in order to fulfill their evil desires Rickshaws also reate traffic jam. Traffic jam stops our normal course of life. At office time it is painful to mention that the foreigners hesitate to invest in our country for traffic jam. It is very shameful for us. In this way it defames our prestige to the foreigners. Above all traffic jam always poll utes our environment. Obnoxious smell emits form standing vehicles. The following remedial measures can be adopted for eliminating the traffic jam: I. Stricter laws need to be enforced to maintain discipline. II. The number of mobile courts and checkpoints should be increased III. Harsh punishment must be imposed on those law enforcing members who does not carry out their duty. IV. The signal post should be constructed as early as possible. V. The awareness campaign should be launched which will feature community level meetings, opinion pools, roadside banners, leaflets and posters, mass media advertisement and public announcement to build awareness about making road free from rickshaws. VI. Rickshaws should be banned from the roads such as Rokeya Sarani-Mirpur 10-Farmgate, Pragati Sarani-Baridhara-Badda-Mouchak,New Eskaton Road-Banglamotor-Mouchak-Rafarbagh Crossing and Techical crossing-Mirpur-1-Mipur 2 and Azimpur to Tikatauli, Purana Purana Paltan to Sodarghat via North-South road also. VII. According to Dhaka City Corporation (DCC), 77,000 rickshaws and 10,000 vans are registered but about three lakh rickshaws ply the streets. So the authorities need to evict illegal rickshaws. So if we don’t be aware and the authority don’t take the remedial measures to eliminate the Traffic Jam in Dhaka city the situation will turn even more difficult with the illegal automobile and rickshaws parking 22-mile traffic jam on Interstate 10 A pavement rehab project that was to be finished by Sunday morning, Feb. 12, went beyond its deadline and caused a 22-mile traffic jam on Interstate 10 by noon, and caused one of the region’s members of Congress to complain to the federal government about the traffic snarl. – 6 hours ago Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient A traffic jam at the toll plaza located at Shahjahanpur village of Alwar district that lasted for almost an hour proved fatal for a 38-year-old man who was on his way to Jaipur following a heart attack. – 33 hours ago Traffic jam leads to gun incident in Maumelle Maumelle police responded to a Maumelle woman who said another woman pulled a gun on her after they were stopped in a traffic jam on Interstate 40. – 28 hours ago The Answer To Jakarta’s Traffic Jam? When I recall all those futuristic TV series such as â€Å"The Jetsons† or the movies such as â€Å"The Fifth Element† (Milla Jovovich was hot!  ) and â€Å"Back To The Future 2? , nearly everybody drives personal aircraft. Posting lengkap dapat ditemukan di: http://politikana. com/baca/2010/09/29/the-answer-to-jakarta-s-traffic-jam. html – 8 days ago Traffic jam brewing for Astros on the infield The Astros have a traffic jam approaching on the infield. At least eight players are vying for six infield spots and another — Rule 5 draftee Marwin Gonzalez — must be kept on the roster for the full season or be offered back to Boston. The competition may be more difficult on the corners, where five players are duking it out for first and third base positions.  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 12 days ago Students block Montreal bridge to protest tuition hikes; traffic chaos ensues MONTREAL – Student protesters triggered a monster traffic jam in Montreal by blocking off access to a bridge this morning. – 9 days ago Transportation Bill Hits Traffic Jam You can add transportation to the long list of issues hitting a roadblock in Washington. Funding for New Hampshire’s I-93 expansion may get s tuck in the beltway traffic jam. – 36 hours ago Repair work causes U. S. 190 bottleneck south of Covington A lane closure on U. S.  190 southbound, south of Covington, has caused a substantial traffic jam Thursday afternoon. Ron Thibodeaux, The Times-PicayuneTraffic has backed up on southbound U. S. 190 south of Covington Southbound traffic backed up two to three†¦ – 15 hours ago VDOT to fine contractor over I-95 traffic jam – Richmond Times Dispatch VDOT to fine contractor over I-95 traffic jam Richmond Times Dispatch VDOT will fine the contractor on the Interstate 95 bridges project for creating a traffic jam during Thursday morning’s rush hour in Richmond. The Virginia Department of Transportation said it intends to penalize Archer Western Contractors $13000 to †¦ and more  » – 7 hours ago Traffic jams waste 1. 9 billion gallons of gas per year – New York Daily News New York Daily News Traffic jams waste 1. 9 billion gallons of gas per year New York Daily News By Josh Max / NEW YORK DAILY NEWS Vehicles sit in a traffic jam on the northbound Garden State Parkway Friday, Aug.  26, 2011, near Ocean View, NJ No matter how many miles your vehicle gets to the gallon when it’s moving, its mileage when it’s stalled †¦ and more  » – 2 days ago Traffic Heavy in Parts of Jakarta, Quiet in Others – Jakarta Globe Jakarta Globe Traffic Heavy in Parts of Jakarta, Quiet in Others Jakarta Globe (Antara Photo) Traffic congestion was reported in a number of areas in Jakarta and on toll roads leading to the capital on Friday, as thousands of anti-fuel hike protesters gathered at the House of Repres entatives in West Jakarta, with thousands of †¦ – 4 hours ago RM 620 congestion bad, but maybe not enough to pursue fixes – Austin American-Statesman Austin American-Statesman RM 620 congestion bad, but maybe not enough to pursue fixes Austin American-Statesman Traffic on RM 620 piles up during the Thursday afternoon rush hour northeast of Anderson Mill Road. The volume of vehicles traveling the 18. 5 miles between US 183 in Northwest Austin and US 71 in Bee Cave has tripled in some sections since 1990. – 7 hours ago Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient – Times of India Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient Times of India ALWAR: A traffic jam at the toll plaza located at Shahjahanpur village of Alwar district that lasted for almost an hour proved fatal for a 38-year-old man who was on his way to Jaipur following a heart attack. Due to the traffic jam at the toll plaza, †¦ and more  » – 34 hours ago Heavy wind causes major traffic jam and property damage – Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City Heavy wind causes major traffic jam and property damage Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City A semi-trailer tipped over and blocked traffic on southbound Interstate 15 near the Point of the Mountain around 8:00 am The accident created a traffic jam that stretched around the point and into southern Salt Lake County. Traffic was diverted into †¦ and more  » – 2 days ago ‘Bumper-to-Bumper Traffic at 90 Miles an Hour’, Ragan Enjoys Challenge of †¦ – WhoWon. com ‘Bumper-to-Bumper Traffic at 90 Miles an Hour’, Ragan Enjoys Challenge of †¦ WhoWon. com STATESVILLE, NC — No one enjoys being in a traffic jam, but David Ragan can’t wait to get into the bumper-to-bumper traffic of Martinsville (Va. ) Speedway. Sunday’s Goody’s Fast Relief 500 will return Ragan to one of his favorite tracks – the †¦ and more  » – 41 hours ago When you first step foot in the capital city, Dhaka of Bangladesh, the first thing you will notice is the intense traffic jam. Dhaka is facing one of the major problems that is already being faced by other big cities in the world, more vehicle than the amount of the roads. Therefore, as a result, traffic jams are increasing day by day and it is becoming one of the most intolerable factors of the country. Since Bangladesh is a small country, the capital city is considered as one of the biggest one. It has roads as much wide as it was needed and wherever needed. But, in the recent times, there has been a significant increase in the number of vehicles of the city. With the other reasons as well, the whole problem is becoming one of the biggest ones of the country. The main problems identified for the traffic jams are: Increase in the number of vehicles Poor traffic management system Rickshaws Illegal parking Scarcity of parking spots Tendency to break the traffic law The increased number of vehicles is an alarming factor for the country. A recent statistics shows that each day, Dhaka city gets 2000 new vehicles. For these purposes, neither did Bangladesh government plan ahead, nor they are taking any significant measures now-a-days. As a result, more and more traffic jam is making the lives of normal people a living hell. Traffic management system of Bangladesh is still the ones that were used to be in the 80s. Therefore, the new methods of traffic management is not being applied properly. Rickshaws, however, are identified as one of the most common reason for traffic jams. The number of rickshaws is very much high and they don’t maintain any law whatsoever. However, you cannot eradicate them off the street either because they are one of the best ways of communication and the greenest vehicle you may find. Parkings in the country is horrible because there isn’t enough space for parking. Most of the buildings of the country thought of having room for their works inside their buildings b

There is a famous statement thatthere is an old quarrel between philosophy and poetry Essay Example For Students

There is a famous statement thatthere is an old quarrel between philosophy and poetry Essay There is a famous statement thatthere is an old quarrel between philosophy and poetry. Well Plato is definitely a person who believes in it. He lived at a time where his city was in disaster after the Peloponnesian war and this helped him to contribute his ability in philosophy as well as literary theories. All his literary theories are influenced by his philosophy. Plato was very critical about the knowledge of the poets in is time. He lived in a critical time where people needed good guidance. People tend to look up to the poets because they water the desires of human feelings. This attracted people towards poets. This is a dangerous situation if the poets do not know what they should bring forward through their poetry. Plato simply thought that poets write while they are in a trance possessed by Muse the goddess of art and conveying Muse ideas through poetry. These ideas poets presented were the weak side of human nature; our emotions are watered the withered. Plato reveals two contradictory aspects of poets knowledge. We will write a custom essay on There is a famous statement thatthere is an old quarrel between philosophy and poetry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He says poets are responsible for what they write and also they are not responsible for what they write because they are writing poetry in a trance. Homer was one of the poets whom people would believe in any time. Homer basically created the culture of the Greeks. The heroes, the gods, the underworld and war were all Homers creations. According to Plato these are imaginations of Homer. Plato blames Homer for giving the wrong idea of gods and goddesses. According to Plato even if gods have defects they should be created as perfect idols so people would tend to imitate the right way of life. As stated by the Stafford Encyclopedia of Philosophy To interpret Homer well, we have to understand what Homer said; to do that, and to support our judgment that he spoke superlatively well, we have to understand the subject matter about which Homer speaks just as we would in, say, evaluating someones pronouncements about health. Further, Homer himself must have understood well that about which he speaks. So as interpreters we are making claims about the truth of Homers teachings about XYZ; and thus we are assuming that Homer sought to state the truth about XYZ. When Homer talks about was he doesnt give us accurate information because he never fought war and he does not know how a general would command or behave in a war because he was never a general. This is well argued by Plato in his work Ion. Plato produced three methods on evaluating poetry. The dependency of the poets is it actually their talent or divine inspiration, the role of the poet as an educator and a social reformer and contribution to literature through poetry. Plato protests about the lack of knowledge of poets of his time and about the poets them selves. He thinks that Arts are a third remove from reality- the idea of the object /the object/ the representation of the object. It is like a mirror held up to a mirror, they will only be imitations. In Pheadrus which relates a myth, humans are the most ignorant set of souls and philosophers know some kind of truth and they are near to Zeus. In Platos opinion poets are behind gymnasts and businessmen. So they are not in a reliable place to be creative. He thinks poets are writing in madness. According to him there are four types of madness or inspirations; madness of prophecy, mythical rituals, poetic madness inspired by Muses and madness of love created by Eros and Aphrodite strongest of all madness. When poets produce a work and publish it they are not near the reader and this is dangerous it would make people understand the subject matter in different ways. Plato also says that some poets try to write without the divine inspiration but they end up making them self justifying divine inspiration. .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .postImageUrl , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:hover , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:visited , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:active { border:0!important; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:active , .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646 .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua69964bcf3afbd1351b674f317678646:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How do the Poets Studied use Imagery and Structure to Convey their Attitude to War? EssayPlato wants the poets to that it is easy to inspire the irrational part of human nature and poets should not water it. He also ridicules the comparative ability in poets they make an ass look like a horse. Plato gives an example for poets à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" if a person calls himself a doctor and gives the same pill for all illnesses he should be called a madman. Similarly if poets give their audience the wrong message they will take it as it is. Plato compares the audience to a wild beast and if poets entertain the needs of the wild beast it will get addicted to the entertainment. Such work is an inferior son born to inferior parents. Plato is against the entertainment which is directed towards emotions because by giving space emotions will let people out pour it without control and it will make things worse when worse things happen to them. Plato specifically tells not to represent women in any sort -quarrelling, lamenting, mourning, love or childbirth. Also bad men of any sort-cowards, comic abuse, foul language and madness. Plus any workmen which guardians feel ashamed to imitate. Likewise he introduces three aspects of good poetry. It should be charming, correct in technique consistency /characterization and set and example to the society. In writing poetry you should be praised by others and not praise other by you. According to Plato only poetry that should be in an ideal state is hymns to gods and poems that praise good men. Plato gives some advice on writing poetry to fellow poets. He thinks the ideal subject matter should be philosophy and the ideal technique should be the form of dialogue. A dialogue in a work will make you have an argument and not be one sided. In Laws he says poets are the wickedest class of unbelievers because they say god can be won over by gifts and sacrifices also makes gain out of the fears and terrors of mankind. He strictly thinks the poets should educate children and statesmen. Since children Previous are the future of the country and nobles are the current rulers they should know how to separate good from bad. A reason Plato gives to banish poets from an ideal state is that they have no say in political views. He also states that there should not be epic and lyrics if they provoke emotions in a negative way. Plato gives many reasons for his dislike for poetry and we have to keep in mind he had no grudge against poetry but he had issues against the power of poetry. He certainly respects Homer but is critical about the credibility of his work which has influenced many generations. Even though he thinks of banishing poets in his earlier works he brings a better idea of censoring the poems through a board of scholars before publishing. This maturity made him give advice on how to write appropriate poems which would help develop the county.