Handling, Storage and Disposal of Samples

Taking care of, Storage and Disposal of Samples Desires for a Health Care Professional In the histology research facility all examples show up fixed in 10% cushioned formalin. In the research facility, the example and the solicitation structure are marked with a similar lab number. The examples are left in a similar request the lab number is given and handled. Wellbeing gloves and a cover are worn when preparing the example. Unfixed examples got in a plane holder are fixed in 10% formalin which is economically arranged and left for one day to process. This is done if the example requires obsession. Certain examples are a special case to this standard. Lymph hubs are enveloped by cloth when lymphoma is suspected, skin areas for Immunofluorescence because of Pemphigus vulgaris are suspended in saline arrangement, and solidified segments are not fixed since new tissue is separated for minuscule assessment. Regardless of whether the outcome has been accounted for or not figures out which tests are arranged and put away if the outcome has been accounted for or not: After the examples are handled the bits of the example that were not embedded in the tape are set back inside the separate holder. The fixed example in the compartment is refrigerated until the outcome is accounted for (figure1). 3 weeks in the wake of announcing the outcome a removal list is made and the examples to be arranged are stuffed inside boxes, marked and afterward sent for burning. Tests, for example, baby are saved for entombment. Void holders are left for a week and a half as a quality control and for human blunders. By and large the mark on the holder shows the kind of example so the unfilled compartments are left in the event that check of sort of example is required. Squares and slides are put away forever inside an extra space. All squares and slides are cautiously and systematically documented so they are accessible for records or for future reference. As years pass squares stay unaltered however recolors on the slide will in general blur so there is test weakening. Subsequent to cutting, the squares are put in numerical request as per the year and put inside boxes. The first and the last number of the squares in each container are composed on the cases. All sides and top box are marked and fixed with tape. Slides are recorded in numerical request after the report is given. Slides are put in a slide box and the lab number of the first and keep going slide are composed on the case. Powerful self-administration of time and remaining burden The opening times for the histology are from 6.00 am till 5.00 pm. The lab is open from Monday till Sunday and time shifts are accessible so the research facility stays increasingly open and more assistance is given to the general population. The research center doesn't open during night move since brings about the histology lab are not viewed as critical. Results should initially be seen by the pathologist so no prompt outcomes are required so handling is finished during the day. Tests that are viewed as earnest In histology, examples are not viewed as earnest since they must be seen by the pathologist results are given. Solidified areas are viewed as earnest since the example must be immediately handled so an intra-employable choice can be taken by the specialist. Tests can likewise be viewed as pressing when a pathologist needs the outcomes in a speedy time, because of medical procedure booked on that day or the next day. Vocation Long Self Directed Learning What is CPD? CPD represents Continuing Professional Development, a progressing free preparing program in histopathology including histology and cytology (Institute of biomedical Science, 2011). It is characterized as â€Å"The precise upkeep, improvement and widening of information and aptitudes, and the advancement of individual characteristics, important for the execution of expert and specialized obligations all through the practitioner’s working life† (The Chartered Institution of Highways Transportation, 2011). This implies CPD permits the business to improve and to broaden information, quality, fitness and aptitudes in his/her calling. What establishes CPD movement? A CPD is comprised by gatherings, short courses, meetings or workshops that are made to educate different individuals regarding stuff or even people in general. Association and support are basic for an effective CPD. It must be straightforward, responsible and noticeable (Fox, 2004, p.182). CPD should be possible: To introduce one’s own examination report With the guide of sites, diaries, banners, books and other printed media To show something experienced during work, that can bear some significance with rest of the laborers To make and empower new methods and changes Present another course that will be of intriguing to people in general or laborers How does the CPD plot advantage Pathology businesses? A CPD plot empowers the biomedical researcher to build up the essential information, perspectives, individual adequacy and abilities for his/her expert practice. The business must distinguish his/her and their employer’s adapting needs. So as to improve quiet consideration the business must be exceptional on realities, new ideas and in particular on sentiment and accord (The Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). The business can record movement and archive all learning accomplished (Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, 2010). This is done not for just the present yet in addition for future movement (Institute of biomedical Science, 2011). What are the advantages to a biomedical researcher (the worker) taking part in the CPD plot? Stay up with the latest with current fast and growing information (The Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). Builds work fulfillment, profitability and nature of working life (Chen, Chang Yeh, 2006) Secure new aptitudes for protected and compelling practice. This develops trust in the worker (Institute of biomedical Science, 2011). Advance proficient thoughts and new activities, expanding work fulfillment (Institute of biomedical Science, 2011). Documentation of all that is found out from the plan is energized (The Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). Advantage from quality control measures (Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, 2010). Empower intelligent practice (Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, 2010). Decrease danger of clinical segregation (The Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). Get ready for new jobs model administrative. Bosses esteem representatives that experience ceaseless CPD since such workers show learning deftness (Chen et al., 2006; Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). Keep up a notoriety of the biomedical belonging and open confirmation (The Royal College of Pathologists, 2010). Where is the data identifying with CPD shown in Pathology? At the point when a CPD meeting will be held every single biomedical researcher are educated through an email. The email is sent to the guideline to ensure that all the histology staff thinks about the gathering. Vertical Audit Site of birthplace The trucut tests were taken from the correct bosom upper external quadrant (Figure 2) Test Taking and Description of test The trucut biopsy is taken after a mammography indicated a dubious outcome. To analyze, a trucut biopsy was performed. A trucut (center) biopsy is for the most part done to test tissues from a strong mass or calcium stores, expanding affectability (Youk, Kim, Kim, Lee Oh, 2007). Extremely little masses or masses that are too profound are examined utilizing a managing imaging procedure. No scars are left in the wake of testing. It has the benefit of being profoundly touchy and explicit (Sadler et al., 1994). The biopsy was performed at Mater Dei’s careful working theater (SOP) (in the Breast Clinic). The patient was given neighborhood sedative and left for a couple of moments. A 16mm measure center needle (figure 3) was then used to acquire the tissue tests. The tissues inspected contain tissues from the mass and typical solid tissues from the bosom. The segments tested contain additionally give more analytic data than mammography and fine needle desire. The examples are bigger than FNA in this manner results are progressively precise (Kasraeian, Allison, Ahlmann, Fedenko Menendez, 2010). The clinician or attendant restricted the mass and its limits and the mass was then immobilized. The needle was embedded through the skin into the irregularity and the tissue segment was taken. To expand the odds of finding 6 trucut examples were taken. Their length changed from 9mm to 14 mm. The needle was then withdrawn. The trucut examples were then brought into a holder contain 10% supported formalin. The compartment and the solicitation structure where gotten in the histology research facility the next day. Example gathering/numbering A dispatch brought the trucut example for histology preparing into the histology lab. In the lab, the solicitation structure which meets up with the example was left for a day where enrollment and preparing started. The next day, the assistant utilized the HOE framework to include information so they can be accessible just in the lab. The ID number of the patient was inputted trailed by area the example was examined model BOFFA, the name of the clinical lab researcher, and the name of the pathologist/advisor. In the event that accessible, the full scale assessment results were likewise included. A name containing the lab number, the letter on the tape, the last two digits of the year, and the patient’ name and family name was arranged and printed. The mark was set up to name the slide in the wake of recoloring (for this situation just one name was required). Example Registration The example and its separate solicitation structure were both marked with a standardized identification containing a particular research center number. The standardized identification was stuck on the highest point of the solicitation structure and at the rear of the compartment (without covering any patient’s subtleties). The lab number was likewise composed with the guide of marker on the tap of the holder. The solicitation structure was stepped at the top and at the base with the date where it

010 Saying Why it Matters Professor Ramos Blog

010 Saying Why it Matters Fast Write Fast Write For what reason does the paper of your point matter? What are the bigger ramifications or outcomes? What should your peruser detract from your exposition? What of it? Saying Why it Matters The â€Å"so what?† enables the peruser to comprehend what the bigger ramifications or results of the point are. Midterm Presentations Keep introductions between 3 to 5 minutes. Fast Write Does school despite everything make a difference? Why or why not. Remark underneath this post. Gathering Work We had two readings during the current week. We are going to separate the readings and work in gatherings to make sense of the primary takeaways, significant focuses, and vital models we have to recollect. Part 13 (â€Å"Don’t Make Them Scroll Up: Entering Online Conversations) (166-175) Liz Addison’s Two Years are Better Than Four (365) You will have ten minutes to make sense of the primary concerns. Pick a copyist, and moderator. Review the focuses on the board. The moderator will have 3 minutes to clarify the central matters. What contention is Addison reacting to? Addison talks about her own instruction experience as a major aspect of the contention. What job does this utilization of personal story play in her contention? Does school despite everything make a difference?

MIT is just another place

MIT is just another place The Tech MITs oldest and largest newspaper (established in 1861!) published a letter to the editor from Folkers E. Rojas on February 28th that I found quite intriguing (and think you might, too). I especially agree with Folkers paragraph that begins I started to paint again.  Without further ado, here are Folkers words: MIT is just another place Prior to arriving at MIT, you might harbor the notion that it is a magical place where unicorns, dragons, and fairies exist. After the first three weeks, the honeymoon is over and you find out that it is a lot of work. The work is manageable, but only if you are not in 10 other activities outside of classes. Supposedly, students that are accepted to MIT are “well-rounded.” In reality, we found science/engineering fun and easy; thus allowing time for us to be the presidents of clubs, play sports, and sleep. Everyone hits the realization that you can’t do everything some time during the first four terms at MIT. I was told prior to arriving at MIT that it was going to be hard work, so I came prepared to reduce my nonacademic commitments. For the first three terms, I treated MIT like most upperclassmen have in the past, and like some freshmen and sophomores still do: a place to leave after earning a degree. Then I came to the realization that I was unhappy, not because of MIT, but because I had forgotten who I was. MIT became about surviving classes, not pursuing knowledge. I decided to make an effort to enjoy MIT, and that is when it all got better. I started to paint again, to work out, and to have a social life. When it came to classes, every class had a purpose. Each class had a syllabus of their goals and objectives; then I would find something that I wanted to learn that could run in parallel to the course material. For example, I took 2.001 (Mechanics and Materials I) because I wanted to be able to design a small-scale bridge and calculate how strong I could make it for very little weight. I never ended up making the bridge, but every time I went to class I thought of how I could use the course material to design it. Stress, beam bending, and trusses became tools for what I wanted to do and ceased being academic objectives. Grades started to no longer matter. I stopped going after the A or B in the course; instead, I went for understanding the material and concepts. I can always go back to a book to find an equation, but understanding the “why” was more important. My approach was not foolproof. I did poorly in classes and realized that it was better to finish the term with three good classes than with four/five poor classes. You don’t get anything out of taking five classes if you don’t do well. Focus on deeply understanding the material. It is important to note that we are not defined by our failures. We are defined how we overcome our failures and move forward. Research is all about failing, and knowing what does not work, so we can discover and innovate on the one thing that works. Faculty have drawers of rejected papers and proposals. Those who have never failed do not understand the process of getting up. On a recent plane flight, I was sitting next to an MIT alum and we had a nice long conversation. We share a bond that transcends time; we both survived Boot Camp MIT. Staying up until 3 a.m. working on a problem set question because you want to find the answer; you don’t want it given to you. We have the ability to create our own heaven or hell. It really depends on the individual. Try discussing probability with people outside of MIT or quantum mechanics, and chances are that you are going to feel different or misunderstood. Or brilliant! MIT is just another place. You can be successful without coming to MIT. It is the drive for knowledge, to be surrounded by individuals that feel the same nerdy way we do about science and engineering that brings us together to such a place. You have to love the place, in order to be happy. If not, why did you come to MIT in the first place? MIT is not a place where parental desires matter. At the end of the day, there is only your desire for knowledge that will keep you up at night. For me, MIT is a playground. I can play around going on the monkey bars and have fun, or consider it exercise and be miserable. After 16 continuous terms (SB, MS, and now PhD candidate) at the Institute, I have found that MIT has so much more to offer than classes. Your education is only half of the learning. Sometimes the other half is the most important half with three important points: One, learning to keep good friends; two, enjoying life independent of the work load; and three, getting to know yourself. I joke around with “renewing my contract” with the Institute, and that I must be insane to keep wanting to stay here. There are no bars or time required to stay; the only thing that keeps us here is our desire. We can all leave at any time we please, move on with our lives, and be successful in the world. MIT is just another place where we come together for the pursuit of knowledge and personal growth: nothing more, nothing less. There are no unicorns, unless they are part of a hack. The only dragon is probably one painted on the halls of Bexley. We don’t have fairies â€" only snow flurries. Folkers E. Rojas G Heres a link to the article on the TECHs website:  http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N7/letters.html Thanks for allowing me to repost this Folkers! -Gabe

Essay on The Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science

The Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science Jessica Cameron ENV 100 August 5, 2013 Andrew Walsh The Fundamental Principles of Environmental Science Environmental science is defined as an interdisciplinary field that combines the scientific information from several disciplines not limited to biology, geology, physics and economics (Berg amp; Hagar, 2009, p. 1.5) to understand and influence the environment. The reason that environmental science is so important is because it brings to light the damage done to the earth and the things that can be done to help the earth find and maintain sustainability through future generations. One of the things that affect the sustainability of the planet is technology. The†¦show more content†¦Technology is not all negative either. With the growing technology we have the ability to focus on the damage that has occurred to our planet. Scientists can test the ground water for pollutants. Machines in labs run tests to predict what the earth might look like for future generations. Sometimes technology can be a step in the right direction. We just need to look at how to do things that are directed more closely at Earth sustainability and less at the bottom dollar. The textbook states that sustainability means that the world will remain intact and that the resources in the environment will not run out even though human beings are using those resources (Berg amp; Hagar, 2009 1.2.1). There are several things that threaten environmental sustainability. One of the urgent problems is humanity. Just in the last twelve years population on earth grew from five billion people to six billion (Berg amp; Hagar, 2009). Environmental sustainability should be studied because it is important to the continued existence of life. Throughout history people have had both sustainable and unsustainable interactions with the planet. When colonists first came to America they tilled the soil, and cut down the trees to build colonies. It was a time of environmental destruction (Berg amp; Hagar, 2009). It wasn’t until after the civil war that American’sShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Science Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental Fundamentals Laura Jackson Env/100 April 8, 2013 JOHN ENSWORTH Environmental Fundamentals Introduction Environmental science is defined as the study of the environment and the interconnecting systems it contains, furthermore, the way people interact with their natural surroundings and use natural resources (wise geek, 2013). Scientist in this field is highly interdisciplinary and extremely diverse, for example, a scientist might study volcanoes or climate change. 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Normative Ethics And Ethical Ethics Essay - 1434 Words

Normative ethics is defined as the study of ethical action, or in other words, the analysis of how one should act when faced with a dilemma, morally speaking. It evaluates the standards with regard the rightness and wrongness of an act. Descriptive ethics investigates moral beliefs while normative ethics evaluates actions. While descriptive ethics how many people believe that act is ethical, normative ethics investigate whether it is correct to have these beliefs. normative ethics therefore can aid in applied ethics, which is a philosophical examination of what will be the morally correct course to take in different areas of one s life. This makes normative ethics crucial in understanding whether Frankie did the moral thing in the movie Million Dollar Baby. The movie Million Dollar Baby revolves around the painful questions, and perennially ethical dilemma associated with euthanasia -- whether it is correct or wrong, whether the wishes to die of a dying person should be entertained and respected, and whether taking a life can be ever considered, regardless of the circumstances surrounding the decision. No standard answers can be given to these questions; it ultimately depends on the person’s moral compass and the ethical theory he or she adheres to. The paper will analyze Frankie’s actions using two major normative ethical theories of utilitarianism and deontology. Frankie is the old, Catholic trainer of the female boxer protagonist, Maggie. When Maggie sustained seriousShow MoreRelatedEthical Ethics And Normative Ethics1078 Words   |  5 Pagestwo questions are examples of why mete-ethics and normative ethics exist. To be able to create an environmental ethic, one must have a sense of moral conclusion. 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I will provide an overview of the types of ethics I will use and evaluate the ways in which the use of these ethics would be practicalRead MoreNormative ethical subjectivism and the four arguments aganist it with examples1418 Words   |  6 PagesNormative ethical subjectivism is an ethical stance that attempts to specify circumstances under which an action is morally right or wrong using four distinct arguments that try to prove this claim. Normative ethical subjectivism claims that an act is morally right if, and only if, the person judging the action approves of it. Stemming form this view on ethics a normative ethical theory has been made. An ethical theory is a theory of what is right and wrong. This stance on ethics is the opposite

Primary Colors Free Essays

3/7/13 Film Review: Primary Colors The film I reviewed for this assignment was Primary Colors; the film is very closely related to Bill Clinton’s 1992 presidential campaign. The film stars John Travolta who plays a charismatic southern governor by the name of Jack Stanton. Jack is trying to win the Democratic Party’s nomination for President of the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Primary Colors or any similar topic only for you Order Now Henry Burton, an idealist is impressed by Jack’s warmth and likeability with the people so he joins Jack’s team as a political adviser. This is an example of material covered in lecture; Jack Stanton’s party was very influential so they recruited Burton. After participating in an intense debate against his democratic rivals, Henry’s ex-girlfriend asks Jack a question about his previous arrest during the 1968 democratic convention in Chicago. Jack’s team of political advisors becomes worried that his blemished past could come into play and effect his chances to win. The team hires Jack’s old friend Libby Holden and basically keep her on retainer. The presidential advisors hired her in anticipation to womanizing allegations that might surface since Jack was notorious for that. Libby Holden’s job is to respond to attacks that can negatively affect Jack’s candidacy. One of the women Jack was having an affair with produces secret taped conversations of the pair to prove that the affair took place. After finding out that the tapes have been altered, Libby finds the man responsible for the tapes. Libby forces him at gunpoint to sign a letter admitting what he did so the public can see. The campaign team is shocked when â€Å"Big Willie†, Jack’s old friend tells Burton that his 16 year old daughter is pregnant and Jack is the father. They convince Big Willie to keep quiet on the issue. Jack’s team decides to take a different approach to the campaign since they are falling behind in the polls. Jack attacks his rival, Senator Lawrence Harris for being pro-Israel and also for wanting to cut Medicare. During a radio debate, Harris confronts Jack but has a heart attack. Harris later announces that he will be withdrawing from the presidential race. Fred Picker, a former governor of Florida and friend of Harris takes his place. Jack’s political advisors see Picker as a potential threat so they dig up nformation about his past. Henry and Libby discover that Picker had a cocaine addiction as Governor of Florida and it ultimately lead to the end of his first marriage. Henry and Libby also find out that Picker had a homosexual affair. They share their findings with Jack and his wife Susan not expecting them to use the potentially harmful information. Jack and Susan decide to leak the information to the press a nd Libby in turn threatens to tell about the affairs and reveal the real results of the paternity test that says his is the father of the 16 year girl’s baby. Libby is an emotional wreck and can’t believe what kind of people the Stanton’s really are. Libby can’t bear the fact that she has idealized them her whole life and they are not at all what she thought, she commits suicide. Filled with guilt after Libby’s death, Jack goes to Picker and presents all of the information and apologizes for everything. Picker willingly admits to his past and withdraws from the campaign. After everything, Henry is not happy being part of Jack’s team and is thinking about withdrawing from the campaign. Jack convinces Henry to stay and says they will make history together if he stays. Jack ultimately wins the election and becomes president of the United States. The class lecture reinforces what took place in this part of the film. Political advisors/consultants first seek out political candidates to work for just like in this particular film. When Henry tried to quit the campaign after realizing what type of person Jack really was, the Political Candidate was the one who asked for help. Political candidates are seeking out political advisors/consultants because they can improve their chances of winning an election. This film is a fairly accurate portrayal of presidential candidate Bill Clinton in 1992. Clinton is essentially played by the Southern Governor Jack Stanton. Primary Colors provides an interesting insight on the scandals of Bill Clinton’s presidency. I find it interesting that these political candidates are fighting to be the leader of the nation and they use foul language and engage in questionable ethical behavior. Jack Stanton’s character who is running for president is a womanizer and resorts to Nixon style tactics. Jack believes that if the ends justify the means then it is okay. I can’t imagine a sequel to this movie for two reasons; the first one is the fact that the film is over 20 years old, and the second reason is the fact that neither Hillary nor Bill are in the public eye as much and Hillary Clinton did not win the presidential election. In my opinion, manipulation is the most important theme in this film; the political consultants manipulate the presidential campaign in favor of Jack Stanton. Since the film is closely centered on the 1992 Clinton campaign, I find it to be an accurate portrayal of campaign communication. A sense of charisma may be projected in a candidate’s image, most often through the communication of campaign discourse. Chapter four in our book states â€Å"A charismatic candidate may also be one who conveys a warm and friendly image, who seems genuine and personable, one who is comfortable speaking and who has the capacity t speak from his or her heart†. This definition fits Jack Stanton’s character to a tee. He seemed warm and genuine and he was extremely likeable. How to cite Primary Colors, Essay examples

Essay for Discussion of the Claim- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about the Essay forEssay for Discussion of the Claim. Answer: Swearing, Offensive language and Hate speech Recognized globally as democratic, freedom of speech has its short comings. Hale Basides (2013) defend the use of swearing in language pointing out that words comprise of phrases and some of them are meaningless. This is the case when the words are impractical and do not add up or make sense. However, sometimes words have the power to shape or destroy a destiny. That is why Fish (1994) questions the effectiveness of freedom of expression through speech. Although there are impractical words, evidence shows that words can influence people. Some case in which the effect has been strong is in the use of swearing as offensive language or in hate speech. Words have meaning hence they are not inertia. Some defend this use of language stating that it depends on the context used. In fact, the dictionary defines swearing in two ways, as offensive language as and it also includes a promise made to someone (Webster , 2017). When used offensively words irritate, mislead and can be destructive. This is the case when language use contains coarse, forbidden or hateful words. Ill spoken words could affect people individually or as a society(Halmari, 2011). Freedom of speech becomes harmful when the words become irritants to some people raising concerns on the benefits of such careless talk (Fish, 1994). An example is in the TV and PR communications where obnoxious language includes the taking of oaths, use of cursing in words, obscenities and aggressiveness connotations. This includes casual words used in film, performing arts, adverts or music videos. People in the contemporary world are cynical and it is difficult to make judgements about motives. In a world where cultural diversity describes the international scene, norms and values appear similar yet they are different. Ecclestone (2008) highlights that some of the words used are taboo and should not be subject to open discussion. In certain parts of the world, words can lead to imprisonment or punitive measure. The illegal use of vulgar language in this case has negative consequences on the one giving the speech(Allan Burridge, 2006). Companies have lost their brand image and respect due to the use of loose language in communication and advertising. It is easy to misinterpret someones language as rude or illicit depending on the cultural or social perceptions. In politics words have defined racism and hate speech which contains words spoken against some communities (Halmari, 2011). Jay (2009) refers to the global effects showing their influence on individuals and groups in the present and futture generations. Words can inspire or influence people in the right or wrong direction. The adoption of quotes made by racists such as Hitler continues to influence generations today. Young people are heard uttering forbidden words and phrases amongst their peers and especially in the entertainment scene. This debate leads to discussions about the psychological influence that words have on people(Hughes, 2010). One of the greatest influences of human perception is the media. It is no wonder that advertisers capitalize on media platforms to create content that captures attention. The media has a major role in communictaion effects(Kaye Sapolsky, 2001). It is hard to ignore the use of words in digital media today. Social media is one of the most effective communication tools used by hatemongers like terrorists to spread racist and extremist thoughts. Words in contemporary society occur through the global culture and spreads through the internet. Rasool identifies the negative elements of langugae to show its power to influence in national or state governance contibuted to the masacre of innocent communities. White (2002) gives the example of Australian conflicts showing how the indigeneous and non indigeneous breakdown at the impact of irrational and offensive language on the plight of young people. As one of the modern day quagminres, the indigeneous situation continues to mindboggle agencies. Attempts to create unity in the region is deemed futile because of the effect of such language on communities. Attempts to bridge the gap between natives and non natives is frustrating because of the existing bitterness cultivated by words. This is an example of words which have created deep wounds across generations. This comes out when Waldron (2012) looks at the practical examples for the modern systems. Still, racism continues to feature among the civilised people in the education systems, workplace and social settings. Many people have lost their lives globally because someone uttered a word that inspired another to act by bombing or shooting certain groups of people out of hate. Therefore it is impossible to ignore words because evidence proves their effect on society. Individuals and groups have suffered psychological trauma based on words spoken by others. This is the cause of inferiority complex in a number of communities such as the indigeneous. The impact of words could also be so grave as to lead to death. Whether their harm is minimal or grave, words remain powerful and carry different meanings depending on their contexts. Freedom of speech is a political term used to encourage peaceful coexistence. At the same time, it proves to be a breeding ground for vices such as hate, terrorism and conflict. Used on the internet in social media, words are as infleunctial as a politcal ideology. People should guard against torturing themselves over words or quotes used by someone else against them. It is the only way to avoid the pschological impact of negative utterances. References Allan, K., Burridge, K. (2006). Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ecclestone, R. (2008, June 7). Warning: Contains coarse language. The Australian. The Australian. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from https://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/weekend-australian-magazine/warning-contains-coarse-language/news-story/16b73d75a66707f111a85064a9c0c3d6 Fish, S. E. (1994). Theres no such thing as free speech: and its a good thing too. Cary ( NC): Oxford University Press. Hale, A., Basides, H. (2013). The keys to academic english: educators guide. South Yarra: Macmillan. Retrieved September 26, 2017, from https://cdn-media.macmillan.com.au/palgrave/lecturer-restricted/TheKeystoAcademicEnglish-EducatorsGuide.pdf Halmari, H. (2011). Political correctnedd, euphemism, and langugae change: The case of ''people first'". Journal of Pragmatics, 43, 828-840. Hughes, G. (2010). Political Correctness: A history of semantics and culture. Chichester (UK): Wiley-Blackwell. Jay, T. (2009). Do offensive words harm people? Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 15(2), 81-101. Kaye, B. K., Sapolsky, B. (2001). Offensive language in prime time television: Before and after content ratings. Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, 45(2), 303-319. Rasool, N. (1998). Postmodernity, cultural pluralism and nation state: Problems of language Rights, Human Rights, Identity and Power. Language Sciences, 20(1), 89-99. Waldron, J. (2012). The harm in hate speech. Cambridge ( MA ): Harvard University Press. Webster Dictionary. (2017). Swear. Retrieved from merriam-webster.com: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/swear White, R. (2002). Indigeneous young Ausralians, criminal justice and offensive language. Journal of Youth Studies, 21-34.

Team Building Interventions

Free Essays on Belly Dancing

Belly Dancing There have been many theories about the origin of belly dancing. Belly dancing comes from the Arab term Bella D which means native dance and native rhythm. Belly dancing is traced way back to 3500 BC from the Ferro’s. Nevertheless, belly dancing can also be found in Northern Africa, Greece, Egypt, Allegros, Morocco, Northern Turkey, Northern India and the Mediterranean. Belly dancing is also a form of communication that tells a women’s point of view and expresses emotions. The first time this type of dancing was brought into the U.S. was in 1893 at Chicago’s world fair. Then in the early 1900’s little Egypt made belly dancing popular and extended all the way to Broadway and Hollywood. There are three major types of belly dancing that is practiced and performed in the United States. One of them being American Nightclub, two-American Tribal, and three-Modern Egyptian Nightclub. More so, Oriental Dance has influenced the evolution of Modern Dance in the hands of leaders Ruth St. Denis and Isadora Duncan. The Orientalists were Europeans who visited the Middle East during the 1800’s. After their visits to Europe they returned to their homelands that intrigued them either to write or create paintings. In most cases, people used their great artistic license in their works to titillate their countrymen back home with stories about exotic, sexy, barely-clothed women. Sometimes without even seeing these belly dancers, people would use their imagination and create these fabulous paintings of an image they created on their own. However, others were just admirable of their culture and painted from their inner most spiritual feelings. There isn’t just one specific type of belly dancing that is performed around the world. There are many different types of belly dancing. Such dances include Floor work, Gypsy, Flamenco and Middle Eastern Dance, Hagallah, Snake, Trance and Veil are just some of the more familiar and tradi... Free Essays on Belly Dancing Free Essays on Belly Dancing Belly Dancing There have been many theories about the origin of belly dancing. Belly dancing comes from the Arab term Bella D which means native dance and native rhythm. Belly dancing is traced way back to 3500 BC from the Ferro’s. Nevertheless, belly dancing can also be found in Northern Africa, Greece, Egypt, Allegros, Morocco, Northern Turkey, Northern India and the Mediterranean. Belly dancing is also a form of communication that tells a women’s point of view and expresses emotions. The first time this type of dancing was brought into the U.S. was in 1893 at Chicago’s world fair. Then in the early 1900’s little Egypt made belly dancing popular and extended all the way to Broadway and Hollywood. There are three major types of belly dancing that is practiced and performed in the United States. One of them being American Nightclub, two-American Tribal, and three-Modern Egyptian Nightclub. More so, Oriental Dance has influenced the evolution of Modern Dance in the hands of leaders Ruth St. Denis and Isadora Duncan. The Orientalists were Europeans who visited the Middle East during the 1800’s. After their visits to Europe they returned to their homelands that intrigued them either to write or create paintings. In most cases, people used their great artistic license in their works to titillate their countrymen back home with stories about exotic, sexy, barely-clothed women. Sometimes without even seeing these belly dancers, people would use their imagination and create these fabulous paintings of an image they created on their own. However, others were just admirable of their culture and painted from their inner most spiritual feelings. There isn’t just one specific type of belly dancing that is performed around the world. There are many different types of belly dancing. Such dances include Floor work, Gypsy, Flamenco and Middle Eastern Dance, Hagallah, Snake, Trance and Veil are just some of the more familiar and tradi...

Review how to provide opportunities for learners to practice their Essay

Review how to provide opportunities for learners to practice their literacy, language, numeracy and ICT skills - Essay Example Tutor led group discussion and student led discussions can be used to encourage learners to practice their language skills. Every student should participate and have set questions for answering and asking each other. Learners are encouraged to improve their language skills in ice breaker sessions by instructing them to work together by holding conversations and asking each other questions (Reid and Johnson 2012, 89). To improve numerical skills, students should be encouraged to practice numerical skills through charts, tables and graphs with relevant information. Students must read and solve math problems during English lessons. A tutor can also create opportunities in learners’ lessons to use numerical skills when using percentages to workout statistics. This will help them work out percentages and display them by drawing tables and pie charts. The use of ICT can also be embedded in math lessons through asking students to use graphs and spreadsheet to feed the computer with information. The tutor can also use ICT to instruct learners on creating PowerPoint presentations to the groups when on vocational studies. ICT can be utilised in lessons through creation of podcasts or videos needed by students to find and view the information. ICT can still be a method of learning during job search lessons that is when looking for employment through online websites and when taking online career

Project Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Project Report - Essay Example In order to makes themselves stand apart from their competitors and gain competitive advantage; businesses are adopting various project management strategies. By adopting such strategies businesses all over the world are responding to a challenging economic environment thereby positioning scarce investment funds in order to purse and attain a competitive edge in this seemingly competitive world. These initiatives are actually delivered by the projects that businesses undertake which represents a significant investment for the organizations concerned. In order to conduct a robust research, we have adopted a survey questionnaire methodology which catered to set forth questions regarding various aspects of project management followed and implemented within an organization. The survey was conducted over the telephone and was directed towards senior level officials of businesses based in UAE. The sample size was 30 and the reason for such a sample was to overcome any complexities in ambig uities associated with the answers that are obtained from the survey. Moreover, the time allocated for the survey also limited the number of officials who could be interviewed. Having done an in-depth study, it was seen that, businesses are not being able to deliver the commitments related to a project successfully. Although some businesses are delivering the promised commitments, however, the delivery is quite inconsistent. The value that a business is expecting to obtain from a particular project investment is not being achieved, as a result of which the discipline of project management is coming under question. The survey that we conducted in the year 2012 has formed a good ground work which provided a useful insight about global challenges and based upon that we have been able to provide further detail regarding economic challenges and how proper project management helps in tackling such challenges. The trends have changed over the last two years and significant improvement have been seen the project management strategies adopted by businesses all over the world. An increase in the number of project that is being undertaken has witnessed. The study identifies effective management strategies that are critical competitive differentiator and how they are being adopted by businesses in the UAE in order to beat the competition. The project also caters to highlight certain project management practices that will help GASCO to attain more value from investments made in projects and to do so on a consistent basis. Background of the Problem Abu Dhabi Gas Industries Ltd GASCO established in the year 1978 under the benefaction of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin sultan Al Nahyan. GASCO is a joint venture between Shell 15%, ADNOC 68%, Partex 2%, Total 15% and ATHEER. The organization aims at capitalizing the significant gas resources of UAE to create competitive advantage. Honesty, integrity and respect are the three pillars of the company’s vision and it also focuses on t he health, safety of people and better environment. The company is also known for sustainable development which allows them to maintain a balance between the long term and short term interest of the business (Davidoff, 2009; Fannin, 2011; Fryer, 2001). It has been observed that in the recent past the company has been dealing with the issue of quality management. The issue of

Effects of Caffeine and Nicotine on the Mind

Effects of Caffeine and Nicotine on the Mind Jodi Hawkins Nicotine and caffeine are substances that most people do not consider a drug, but most do acknowledge that they are addictive substances. The effects on the mind and body are something else that most do not consider significant, however, both are highly addictive and affect numerous aspects of the mind and body. This paper will cover some of the misconceptions and myths and provide clarification of the actual effects of nicotine and caffeine on the mind and body. Caffeine is probably one of the most misconstrued drug of the two and most do not consider it much of a danger or consider that it has effects on the body other than simply producing a bit of energy. Die hard caffeine drinkers will often complain of a headache if they do not have their normal dose of caffeine, while it appears to have no effect on others no matter how much or how often they consume it. What must be understood about caffeine is that it is a drug, it is considered a psychoactive drug, and has effects on the body that must be taken into consideration. Julien, Advokat, and Comaty (2011) discuss the known effects such as the effects on the central nervous system (CNS), the cardiac and respiratory systems, the diuretic effects, therapeutic effects including treatment of asthma and migraines, and describe caffeinism. Caffeinism is a clinical syndrome that occurs when there has been an overuse of caffeine and symptoms include anxiety, agitation, and insomnia as well as tachycardia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia’s and gastrointestinal disturbances. This goes to show that caffeine is like many drugs in that it can be a good thing if used in moderation, but can have adverse side effects when used improperly or overused. Perhaps one of the most common therapeutic uses of caffeine is the use for migraine headache and headache in general. It can be found in combination with aspirin in several products due to the constriction of blood vessels it causes. When the vessels constrict it decreases the blood flow to the brain by up to thirty percent which can reduce pressure to the brain relieving the headache (Julien, Advokat, Comaty, 2011). Consumption of caffeine that is prolonged can cause several adverse effects such as headache, fatigue, osteoporosis, adrenal stimulation, and apathy, and also has the ability to cross the placental and blood-brain barrier and has the potential to cause fetal malformation if the fetus has not developed the enzymes needed for demethylation of caffeine (Gummadi, Bhavya, Ashok, 2012). So in essence, some of the desirable and therapeutic effects that are garnered such as headache relief and energy increase can reverse in overuse or prolonged use. And even though it is a drug, it is not a regulated drug but is a much researched drug due to the therapeutic effects and the seemingly endless applications. Athletics is an application where caffeine is highly promoted in energy drinks, energy bars, and diet aids. Although caffeine is considered a stimulant and performance enhancing it is widely accepted and not regulated or banned from use in athletic competitions. McDaniel, McIntire, Streitz, Jackson, and Gaudet (2010) discuss some of the research done in regard to athletic performance and caffeine use and the increase in speed and power and ability to train longer when caffeine is used. Nicotine is another drug that is not necessarily considered a drug by the general public, although there is a general consensus that it is found in tobacco products and not necessarily good for the body. Unfortunately this assumption is mainly based on the fact that it is in tobacco and the tobacco is usually the focus of most mainstream media along with the effects of tobacco on the user and second-hand effects on people in the vicinity of the user. While tobacco is unhealthy, it is the nicotine contained in the tobacco products that causes the addiction to the tobacco and should have more focus placed on it when discussing or reporting the negative effects of tobacco. Nicotine like caffeine is a psychoactive drug and is one of the three most widely used (the other two being caffeine and ethyl alcohol), and while it has no therapeutic applications in medicine it is nevertheless widely used and has a well-defined toxicity (Julien et al., 2011). Nicotine use used to be limited to more traditional cigars, pipes, cigarettes, chewing tobacco, and snuff, but more recently it has been expanded to include other smokeless products as smoking has been more and more regulated. Some of the products that are currently flooding the market are strips, sticks, pellets, snus pouches, e-cigarettes (smokeless nicotine vapor electronic cigarettes). Traditional cigarettes contain between 0.5 and 2.0 milligrams of nicotine, but some of the smokeless applications such as the strips can contain just under a milligram to as much as four milligrams of nicotine in one use (Julien et al., 2011). Nicotine is absorbed through every site on or in the body and the elimination half-life in a chronic smoker is approximately two hours which necessitates a frequent administration to avoid withdrawal symptoms, and has effects on the peripheral nervous system, hear, and other body structures (Julien et al., 2011). In researching the addictive properties of nicotine, there is far less research found on the actual effects than there is on cessation from the addiction. Some articles say that nicotine is addictive as heroin while others say that one could not possibly ingest enough nicotine to equal the addictiveness of other drugs, and both types of articles have multiple peer reviewed sources to back up the claims. This author has first- hand experience with nicotine and tobacco use/addiction, and while tobacco can be an enjoyable experience, it is this author’s personal view that believes the research that claims that nicotine is highly addictive causing withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Withdrawal symptoms can include nervousness, agitation, mood swings, lack of concentration, and increased appetite as observed by the author. The increased appetite at times appears to be a nervous response to needing something to do with the hands and mouth rather than an actual increase in appetite, but regardless it can and does often lead to weight gain upon cessation of smoking. Julien et al. (2011) further reinforce this belief as abstinence symptoms listed include the previously mentioned along with restlessness, insomnia, and severe cravings, as well as pointing out that many times when smokers seek treatment for drug or alcohol addictions it is often more difficult to quit smoking than to quit other drugs. No matter how adverse the effects of nicotine is on the body or mind, the primary problem is that the products that nicotine are in cause far worse health problems than the nicotine does. Various forms of cancer, increased risk of stroke, and heart attack are just a few physical problems directly related to tobacco use, and although e-cigarettes are touted as being relatively safe because they do not contain tobacco product the fact remains that they still contain a substance that is considered addictive. Any drug that is considered as addictive, can and will have adverse effects on one’s body and should not be treated lightly, and as in the case of nicotine a drug that directly affects the brain is nothing to sneeze at. Nicotine induces physiological and psychological dependence in the majority of smokers and very few smokers seem capable of sudden termination of smoking without experiencing abstinence symptoms (Julien et al., 2011). What also must be taken into consideration is the effects of second-hand smoke that is experienced by others in the close vicinity of a tobacco smoker, and it is the carcinogens in the smoke and not the nicotine that causes the health problems that can be experienced when subjected to second-hand smoke. One thing that should be taken into consideration is that both nicotine and caffeine are considered drugs, addictive drugs that are also psychoactive and thus mood altering. According to the Bible our bodies are God’s temple, â€Å"What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?† (I Corinthians 6:19, KJV) which would bring one to the conclusion that any substance that alters one’s being and is not therapeutic (medically prescribed and necessary) should not be used. This does not mean that most people consider either nicotine or caffeine as a sin, but if the Bible is taken literally then both substances would be considered forbidden. While there are some religions that do consider caffeine along with any other mood altering substance as forbidden, it is generally accepted as can be witnessed in almost any church kitchen for most contain coffee and coffee making appliances. Smoking is more frowned upon by most Christians, but as other vices in this day and age is not considered as â€Å"bad† as it once was Biblically speaking, just physically detrimental. In conclusion, the evidence is overwhelming that both nicotine and caffeine are physically and psychologically addictive, but caffeine is the only one of the two that has therapeutic uses but still must be used in moderation to avoid adverse effects. References Gummadi S N Bhavya B Ashok N 2012 Physiology, biochemistry and possible applications of microbial caffeine degradation.Gummadi, S. N., Bhavya, B., Ashok, N. (2012). Physiology, biochemistry and possible applications of microbial caffeine degradation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 93(2), 545-554. 201401121455511055491090 Julien R M Advokat C D Comaty J E 2011 primer of drug actionJulien, R. M., Advokat, C. D., Comaty, J. E. (2011). A primer of drug action (12th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers. 2014011214131192421770 McDaniel L W McIntire K Streitz C Jackson A Gaudet L 2010 effects of caffeine on athletic performance.McDaniel, L. W., McIntire, K., Streitz, C., Jackson, A., Gaudet, L. (2010). The effects of caffeine on athletic performance. College Teaching Methods Styles Journal, 6(1), 33-37. 20140112152043315758228

Jonathon Swift: A Modest Proposal Essay

Jonathon Swift: A Modest Proposal Jonathon Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a parody on the economic situation of the society in which he attempts to â€Å"find out a fair, cheap and easy method† (Swift) for the children in poverty to be put to good use for good of Ireland. This is seen right away in the full title of the pamphlet, â€Å"A Modern Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burden to their Parents, or the County, and for Making them Beneficial to the Publick.† The reader begins to realize that Swift does not actually wish to implement these ideas of a baby being â€Å"a most delicious nourishing, and wholesome food† (Swift) once this extreme idea is proposed. Through this extreme proposal of cannibalism and breeding children to solve poverty and overpopulation, he makes the reader vulnerable while also eager to find out more. As entertaining as this text is, it is more than just a comic. Swift wishes to relay a much deeper meaning to the reader. In Robert Phiddian’s article, Have You Eaten Yet., Phiddian recognizes â€Å"the moral-political argument being carried out by means of parody.† (Phiddian) The moral issue, here, is poverty and the political issue is population, yet rarely do these issues remain as clear and separate as intended. Look more:  satire essay examples essay While Swift initially makes the reader chuckle several times throughout the text, he is venting about the societal ills that go unnoticed daily. He is aggravated by the hypocrisy of the wealthy trying to help the poor by coming up with such outlandish ideas that they think will supposedly solve poverty. Poverty is inevitable in a free market therefore with the money that the poor would receive â€Å"may be liable to distress and help pay their Landlord’s rent.† (Swift) Swift wants the reader to realize that no matter how great the ideas of the wealthy are, their motivation is to make a buck from these plans that they devise in their parlors over a cup of tea. â€Å"There is nothing higher than selfish greed within the terms of economic discourse† as Phiddian points out. Even in society today, there are always those people that wish to solve the issue of poverty, but can’t seem to realize that these implications are not easily resolved and are part of socie ty. Swift had compassion for the Irish people and felt for them in their severe  state, but he also shows disgust with the people of Ireland for not even trying on their own behalf. Prior to Swift writing A Modest Proposal he had written several sermons, which provide a background into the state of Ireland and how the people ended up in this predicament. â€Å"The members of this class are being called to their responsibilities and reminded of the guilt they share for the condition of their country.† (Phiddian) Swift leaves no stone unturned in the text and does not excuse any party from the awful state that Ireland is in at this point in time. Swift manages to target most of the groups in Ireland including the politicians, aristocracy, and even the poor. These and outside causes like that of England are included in the parody. Essentially, Swift trying to get the reader to understand that not one person can solve the problems of poverty and overpopulation. In fact, it is part of society and has been for centuries. The struggles are apparent before Swifts time and even now. He is able to address two sets of readers in a sense; one of his time and one of the future, our time. â€Å"While people continue to starve and to live in abject poverty, an analogy exists between Swift’s readers’ situation and our own.† (Phiddian) The reader is able to identify with the subject and the point that Swift is trying to make of the societal ills of the time through this â€Å"moral-political argument.† (Phiddian) in turn see that behind the gore and obscene ideas that he has come up with, there is a voice that needs to be heard. What would normally be a boring economic update or a political argument over what the country needs to do has been transformed by Swift into a masterpiece that peeks the interest of those other than the politicians. He is able to catch our attention as a reader by many surprises and then able to make us think critically about policies, values, and society as a whole in general. Reference Page Robert Phiddian Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 Vol. 36, No. 3, Restoration andEighteenth Century (Summer, 1996), pp. 603-621 Published by: Rice University

How Music Makes the World Happy

Analysis Memory Cost In the last 30 years, the need for hard drives to be capable to hold more memory has been on a very fast rise. This Is due to our operating systems that are larger and the fact that more people needing or wanting to use computers more. Technology has grown so much. 20 years ago only about half of us had computers in our homes. Today almost everybody has at least 1 desktop and 1 portable. We keep pictures of our children on computers, have more programs to use in everyday life, control our finances, do school work, our Job has a need for computers, and love to play games ND use the internet.Every day these things take up more and more memory storage. The last time researchers hit a limit for expanding memory was 2005. We take this fact, that there are limits, for granted. That every now and then there is a limit that cannot be topped. Researchers say that that limit again Is going to reached somewhere around 2013-2015. There Is a new technology for the HAD (hard d isk drive) called the HAM (heat-assisted magnetic recording). This will bring massive storage growth and raise the Industry way beyond 100 TUB. Currently there is a 100 TUB hard drive. When will it be commercially available?After researching several charts I would say in about 5-10 years. At this point the average person would not even need this much memory and the price would be extremely expensive. So I am going to say in about 5-10 years we will meet supply and demand on a 100 TUB hard drive. Ten years from I am predicting that I could buy a 8 TUB hard drive for around $100 dollars. I cannot get a very educated guess on this because the all the history charts on this vary. But I took what I could buy today and used Morel's law and came up with an 8 TUB hard drive will cost about $100 dollars In the year 2023. And that Is If we even use HAD at that time.

A Brief Overview of British Literary Periods

Although historians have delineated the eras of British literature in different ways over time, common divisions are outlined below.   Old English (Anglo-Saxon) Period (450–1066) The term Anglo-Saxon comes from two Germanic tribes, the Angles and the Saxons. This period of literature dates back to their invasion (along with the Jutes) of Celtic England circa 450. The era ends in 1066, when Norman France, under William, conquered England. Much of the first half of this period, prior to the seventh century, at least, had oral literature. A lot of the prose during this time was a translation of something else or legal, medical, or religious in nature; however, some works, such as Beowulf,  and those by period poets Caedmon and Cynewulf, are important. Middle English Period (1066–1500) The Middle English period sees a huge transition in the language, culture, and lifestyle of England and results in what we can recognize today as a form of â€Å"modern† (recognizable) English. The era extends to around 1500. As with the Old English period, much of the Middle English writings were religious in nature; however, from about 1350 onward, secular literature began to rise. This period is home to the likes of Chaucer, Thomas Malory, and Robert Henryson. Notable works include Piers Plowman and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.   The Renaissance (1500–1660) Recently, critics and literary historians have begun to call this the â€Å"Early Modern† period, but here we retain the historically familiar term â€Å"Renaissance.† This period is often subdivided into four parts, including the Elizabethan Age (1558–1603), the Jacobean Age (1603–1625), the Caroline Age (1625–1649), and the Commonwealth Period (1649–1660).   The Elizabethan Age was the golden age of English drama. Some of its noteworthy figures include Christopher Marlowe, Francis Bacon, Edmund Spenser, Sir Walter Raleigh, and, of course, William Shakespeare.  The Jacobean Age is named for the reign of James I. It includes the works of John Donne, Shakespeare, Michael Drayton, John Webster, Elizabeth Cary, Ben Jonson, and Lady Mary Wroth. The King James translation of the Bible also appeared during the Jacobean Age.  The Caroline Age covers the reign of Charles I (â€Å"Carolus†). John Milton, Robert Burton, and George Herbert are some of the notable figures. Finally, the Commonwealth Age was so named for the period between the end of the English Civil War and the restoration of the Stuart monarchy. This is the time when Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan, led Parliament, who ruled the nation. At this time, public theaters were closed (for nearly two decades) to prevent public assembly and to combat moral and religious transgressions. John Milton and Thomas Hobbes’ political writings appeared and, while drama suffered, prose writers such as Thomas Fuller, Abraham Cowley, and Andrew Marvell published prolifically. The Neoclassical Period (1600–1785) The Neoclassical period is also subdivided into ages, including The Restoration (1660–1700), The Augustan Age (1700–1745), and The Age of Sensibility (1745–1785). The Restoration period sees some response to the puritanical age, especially in the theater. Restoration comedies (comedies of manner) developed during this time under the talent of playwrights such as William Congreve and John Dryden. Satire, too, became quite popular, as evidenced by the success of Samuel Butler. Other notable writers of the age include Aphra Behn, John Bunyan, and John Locke. The Augustan Age was the time of Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift, who imitated those first Augustans and even drew parallels between themselves and the first set. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, a poet, was prolific at this time and noted for challenging stereotypically female roles. Daniel Defoe was also popular.   The Age of Sensibility  (sometimes referred to as the Age of Johnson) was the time of Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon, Hester Lynch Thrale, James Boswell, and, of course, Samuel Johnson. Ideas such as neoclassicism, a critical and literary mode, and the Enlightenment, a particular worldview shared by many intellectuals, were championed during this age. Novelists to explore include Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson, Tobias Smollett, and Laurence Sterne, as well as the poets William Cowper and Thomas Percy. The Romantic Period (1785–1832) The beginning date for the Romantic period is often debated. Some claim it is 1785, immediately following the Age of Sensibility. Others say it began in 1789 with the start of the French Revolution, and still, others believe that 1798, the publication year for William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s book Lyrical Ballads, is its true beginning. The time period ends with the passage of the Reform Bill (which signaled the Victorian Era) and with the death of Sir Walter Scott. American literature has its own Romantic period, but typically when one speaks of Romanticism, one is referring to this great and diverse age of British literature, perhaps the most popular and well-known of all literary ages. This era includes the works of such juggernauts as Wordsworth, Coleridge, William Blake, Lord Byron, John Keats, Charles Lamb, Mary Wollstonecraft, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Thomas De Quincey, Jane Austen, and Mary Shelley. There is also a minor period, also quite popular (between 1786–1800), called the Gothic era.  Writers of note for this period include Matthew Lewis, Anne Radcliffe, and William Beckford. The Victorian Period (1832–1901) This period is named for the reign of Queen Victoria, who ascended to the throne in 1837,  and it lasts until her death in 1901.  It was a time of great social, religious, intellectual, and economic issues, heralded by the passage of the Reform Bill, which expanded voting rights. The period has often been divided into â€Å"Early† (1832–1848), â€Å"Mid† (1848–1870) and â€Å"Late† (1870–1901) periods or into two phases, that of the Pre-Raphaelites (1848–1860) and that of Aestheticism and Decadence (1880–1901). This period is in strong contention with the Romantic period for being the most popular, influential, and prolific period in all of English (and world) literature. Poets of this time include Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Christina Rossetti, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Matthew Arnold, among others. Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin, and Walter Pater were advancing the essay form at this time.  Finally, prose fiction truly found its place under the auspices of Charles Dickens, Charlotte and Emily Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), Anthony Trollope, Thomas Hardy, William Makepeace Thackeray, and Samuel Butler.   The Edwardian Period (1901–1914) This period is named for King Edward VII and covers the period between Victoria’s death and the outbreak of World War I. Although a short period (and a short reign for Edward VII), the era includes incredible classic novelists such as Joseph Conrad, Ford Madox Ford, Rudyard Kipling, H.G. Wells, and Henry James (who was born in America but who spent most of his writing career in England), notable poets such as Alfred Noyes and William Butler Yeats, as well as dramatists such as James Barrie, George Bernard Shaw, and John Galsworthy. The Georgian Period (1910–1936) The Georgian period usually refers to the reign of George V (1910–1936) but sometimes also includes the reigns of the four successive Georges from 1714–1830. Here, we refer to the former description as it applies chronologically and covers, for example, the Georgian poets, such as Ralph Hodgson, John Masefield, W.H. Davies, and Rupert Brooke. Georgian poetry today is typically considered to be the works of minor poets anthologized by Edward Marsh. The themes and subject matter tended to be rural or pastoral in nature, treated delicately and traditionally rather than with passion (like was found in the previous periods) or with experimentation (as would be seen in the upcoming modern period).   The Modern Period (1914–?) The modern period traditionally applies to works written after the start of World War I. Common features include bold experimentation with subject matter, style, and form, encompassing narrative, verse, and drama. W.B. Yeats’ words, â€Å"Things fall apart; the center cannot hold† are often referred to when describing the core tenet or â€Å"feeling† of modernist concerns. Some of the most notable writers of this period, among many, include the novelists James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, Aldous Huxley, D.H. Lawrence, Joseph Conrad, Dorothy Richardson, Graham Greene, E.M. Forster, and Doris Lessing; the poets W.B. Yeats, T.S. Eliot, W.H. Auden, Seamus Heaney, Wilfred Owens, Dylan Thomas, and Robert Graves; and the dramatists Tom Stoppard, George Bernard Shaw, Samuel Beckett, Frank McGuinness, Harold Pinter, and Caryl Churchill. New Criticism also appeared at this time, led by the likes of Woolf, Eliot, William Empson, and others, which reinvigorated literary criticism in general. It is difficult to say whether modernism has ended, though we know that postmodernism has developed after and from it; for now, the genre remains ongoing. The Postmodern Period (1945–?) The postmodern period begins about the time that World War II ended. Many believe it is a direct response to modernism. Some say the period ended about 1990, but it is likely too soon to declare this period closed.  Poststructuralist literary theory and criticism developed during this time. Some notable writers of the period include Samuel Beckett, Joseph Heller, Anthony Burgess, John Fowles, Penelope M. Lively, and Iain Banks. Many postmodern authors wrote during the modern period as well.

Aid is not the Way to Development - 1427 Words

Trade, not aid, is the key to economic growth in developing countries. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Introduction Most of the developing countries are mired deeply in economical obstacles, which prevent them from development significantly. In order to overcome those embarrassments world’s society struggles to find the efficient solution for poor countries’ economies. Historically, developed countries undertook policy of giving aid to their colonies, afterwards by the end of The Second World War the United States and United Nations embarked the global sponsorship to the developing countries and countries of the Third World due to humanitarian considerations. Since then many other countries have joined in the effort to provide financial aid to lesser developed or poverty ridden countries. But none of those countries that received an aid had experienced a prosperity phase and rapid economic growth. This piece of writing will provide evidences and determine whether trade is the key to economic growth in developing countries but not aid. While trade is the key to economic g rowth in developing countries, good governance also plays a vital role in economic development. Nevertheless, aid and trade are aimed at different goals. This assignment starts with investigating the connection between aid and development with providing an evidence of its negative impact. It also compares the effect of trade and aid. Secondly, itShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the China-Africa Relation1563 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal and external factors on economic development. From these conflicting views emerge theories on the effect of aid, investment and trade on economic growth––which, in current literature, suggests an ambiguous result. 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[Bannock:1988 P.164 ] However, so as not to confuse foreign aid with the investments of multinational corporations or commercial banks, many economists require foreign aid to meet two distinct criteria: 1) Its objective must be noncommercial from the point of view of the donor and 2) it should be characterizedRead MoreDon t Become A Philanthropic Colonialist999 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2000, United Nations announced the Millennium Declaration for global development and committed to achieve eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 (United Nations, 2000). Over the past 15 years, by reviewing and reflecting the failures and success of these ambitious goals (Childs, 2015), the debate about international giving continues. To support the stance about â€Å"the U.S. government and NGOs should stop aiding more to foreign countries,† this memo will briefly indicate this stand. In

Stockholm Syndrome’S Role In Exploitation. Life Threatening

Stockholm Syndrome’s Role in Exploitation Life threatening situations produce feelings of inefficacy, when in reality individuals often have some extent of control over the outcome. Psychological research concludes that human brains assume control during traumatizing times, often without the individual being conscious of it occurring. A common area when our brains go into an â€Å"autopilot† mode is during situations of exploitation, specifically in those who are exploited. Stockholm syndrome represents one such ‘autopilot’ process; a psychological phenomenon that causes those who are in stressful situations to develop a feeling of trust for who/what is causing them distress. Stockholm Syndrome presents a unique coping mechanism for trauma†¦show more content†¦During a traumatic event, victims subconsciously attempt to increase chances of survival by pleasing the criminals who have total control over them. In fact, â€Å"victims exhibit sympathy and positive bonding towards captors while fear, d istrust and even hostility may be directed† at those who are trying to save the hostages (Speckhard et. al. Mufel 148). After seeing that the psychological effects of Stockholm were so common in hostage situations, perpetrators took note of the phenomenon and brought it to the front of their criminal strategies. Perpetrators began to use the â€Å"advantage of Stockholm syndrome to get victims to comply† with captivity, and inevitably aid in the captor s success of whichever illegal crime he/she commits (Fabrique et. al. Van Hasselt 12). Inevitably, Stockholm syndrome is not only present in hostage situations, but also in other areas where exploitation is common. Understanding Stockholm syndrome remains crucial in understanding all the issues it occurs during. Recruiters of child soldiers utilize the effects of Stockholm syndrome in their juvenile recruits for further success in exploitation. Child soldiers have become very common in places of constant war or combat. With the need for more soldiers as others die off, the juvenile population in places such as West Africa and the Middle East is plentiful. Militant recruiters in these regions

Dhaka city Traffic Jam free essay sample

Over the last few years the transportation problem of Dhaka City has visibly been deteriorating steadily. Citizens constantly complain about the unbearable twin problems of traffic jam and air pollution. Democracy watch decided to address this problem through an opinion poll covering around eight hundred households randomly selected from several purposively selected neighbourhoods of the city, representatives of middle and lower income areas. The questions asked focused mainly on three issues: (a) the nature of the problem as perceived by the surveyed residents, (b) their understanding about the causes of these problems and (c) their recommendations on solutions to these perceived problems. Some preliminary results from this survey were presented at a workshop, which was participated by persons associated with the formulation and implementation of traffic policies, rules and programmes . This Draft Final Report benefits from valuable discussion and comments received at the workshop. The methodology of this survey is explained below in brief. It is easy to see that the study extended beyond a standard opinion poll and entered the arena of investigative research in seeking some explanations to perceptions as well as behaviour. The findings are presented mainly in the form of self-explanatory tables with some introductory highlights and conclusions. A further extension of the survey is currently being completed to cover the very poor and the rich categories of residents as was recommended by several participants at the workshop mentioned earlier. Reasons behind traffic jam (a)City lay-out (master plan) and over-population: The causes of traffic congestion in Dhaka city are multifarious. Starting from the city itself, it is observed that the skeleton, structure and lay-out of Dhaka City are not well-planned and well-directed†¦. Traffic Congestion In Dhaka City In today’s world, the success of a city depends on its economy, which in turn is dependant on the infrastructure, among other things. The importance of the infrastructure can be particularly felt by the citizens of Dhaka in its traffic system, as its congestion reminds us of how important it is to have a good transport system. †¢ We the citizens of Dhaka are suffering because our traffic system is failing us, as it is resulting in less efficiency in various fields, such as business. †¢ Due to traffic congestion, our valuable times and energy are being wasted. †¢ The problem of traffic congestion and uncontrolled vehicle emission make life miserable in Dhaka city causing threat to health. †¢ Everyday work-hours are unnecessarily wasted due to traffic jam. It has a great economic impact on production and thus on our economy. †¢ Traffic congestions intensify sufferings of commuters keeping people motionless as well as creating suffocating condition in the streets. Is this essay helpful? Join OPPapers to read more and access more than 600,000 just like it! reasons of Traffic Congestion are mentioned below: 1. The minimum road requirement is 25% for a standard city, whereas Dhaka has only 7.  5% road of its total area which is creating huge traffic. Moreover, if we look at the map of Dhaka city, the road connection of north and south is comparatively better than east and west which is causing people to take a longer route to travel. 2. The district truck and bus travel through heart of the capital city due to no bypass road. For example, a person who lives in Chittagong must enter Dhaka to reach Kushtia. 3. The Export Processing Zone (EPZ) which is established near Dhaka forces the vehicles to move from Savar to Dhaka to Chittagong. Our EPZ is oriented to bulk products like garments and it must be located near sea port. 4. Every day thousand of people are entering the city as our economic activity and administration like education, health sector are all Dhaka centered. There is no attempt for decentralization. 5. Bangladesh population growth is†¦ Thousands of pedestrians in Dhaka jaywalk every day, particularly during rush hours, risking their lives and the lives of motorists and sometimes with fatal consequences. Jaywalking has reached such an alarming state that fatalities are recorded almost every day. Pedestrians are often seen crossing the streets at places they are not supposed to while talking to each other or on mobile phones oblivious to things around them. Some seem to be unaware of the doctrine â€Å"Don’t run across the road†. Jaywalking is so widespread that it has become almost a norm and motorists are often blamed for mishaps despite the fact that the pedestrian he or she hit was jaywalking. The fast Airport Road from Uttara to Mohakhali, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shaheed Tajuddin Sarani (Tejgaon), and Mirpur Road are the ones where most fatal accidents to pedestrians happen. Largely, people’s tendency to flout traffic rules and lack of adequate facilities for pedestrians, illegal occupation of pavements by parked cars, shops, vendors and construction materials contribute to pedestrians use of the streets, said traffic experts. A journalist died at Bangla Motor intersection while crossing Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue in 2005. Dhaka University student Shammee Akhter Happy was run over by a speeding bus while crossing the Shahbagh intersection in 2005. Sultana Akhtar Sumi, a 20-year student of Narayanganj Art College, died on April 3, 2009, as she stepped on a livewire and fell from the under-construction footbridge near Shishu Park. According to Accident Research Institute at Buet, 380 deaths occur on the streets of Dhaka every year, and 75 percent are pedestrians. â€Å"Lack of enforcement of law to free pedestrians’ facilities is the foremost reason why people go on jaywalking,† said M Rahmatullah, former director (transport) of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Absence of useful underpasses, footbridges and pavements force people into jaywalking, said Rahmatullah. On controlling jaywalking, Selim Md Jahangir, deputy commissioner (traffic west zone) of Dhaka Metropolitan Police, said it is practically impossible for the police to stop jaywalking because it is a massive problem with almost everyone having a tendency to break traffic laws. The volume of pedestrians compared to that of vehicles at certain places is many times higher and police have to control traffic, he said. Dhaka City Corporation, entrusted with providing facilities to pedestrians, has been turning a blind eye to pavements occupied by illegal structures, parked cars, makeshift shops and construction materials. The DCC has only 390 kilometres of pavements while it has 1,900 kilometres of roads, said DCC officials. Most of the 52 footbridges in the city remain unused for various reasons. The DCC has four underpasses: one each at Gulistan intersection, Gabtoli bus terminal, Syedabad (Dhalpur) and Karwan Bazar. Apart from the one at Syedabad, the rest are in a poor state. Nargis Chowdhury, a bank employee at Karwan Bazar and a resident of West Raza Bazar, said, â€Å"I never feel encouraged to use the Karwan Bazar underpass as it is often dark and infested with beggars, vagabonds and is very filthy. † Prof Jamilur Reza Chowdhury, noted civil engineer and transport expert, said a key reason behind jaywalking is that most of the city dwellers are rural people who migrated or are first-generation urban dwellers. Another reason is utterly unplanned footbridges that the pedestrians do not feel encouraged to use. Footbridges are not in a favourable state for the pedestrians to use. Some of them have been taken over by vendors, beggars and vagabonds, like the one at New Market, or they have human excreta on them. â€Å"They are not user-friendly,† he said. Provision for on-the-surface pedestrian crossings should also be there too. People’s tendency is not to climb up a footbridge. Moreover, there are no required footbridges across many busy roads like Shaheed Tajuddin Sarani (Tejgaon), Gulshan Avenue, and at intersections like Shahbagh, Nabisco, and Mohakhali. Existing traffic signals are not pedestrian-friendly at all, according to those who research in the transport sector. Physically disabled, elderly people and children have no alternative but to use the footbridges. According Prof Nazrul Islam, an urban researcher, around half the city dwellers go to work on foot. Around 90 to 95 percent of the poor and people of the low-income group go to work on foot. Roughly, one crore people live in the DCC area of around 150 square kilometres. Prof Jubayer-bin-Alam of Civil Engineering Department of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (Buet) in a study on Sustainable Transport for Urban Poor found 12 of 20 lakh garment workers go to work on foot in the central part of the city. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, chairman of the parliamentary standing committee on the communications ministry, earlier admitted that many footbridges have been built without any proper planning. 3. 2 Reasons behind traffic jam The following reasons are responsible for traffic jam in Dhaka city- (a) City lay-out (master plan) and over-population: The causes of traffic congestion in Dhaka city are multifarious. Starting from the city itself, it is observed that the skeleton, structure and lay-out of Dhaka City are not well-planned and well-directed. Dhaka is also a highly populated city. More than one crore people live here and the figure is increasing day by day. This huge population acts as an auto-catalyst of traffic congestion in Dhaka City. (b) Inadequate and unplanned roads: Dhaka City has very inadequate road networks. For a standard city, where the minimum road requirement is 25%, Dhaka has only 7. 5% road of its total area. 30% of this 7. 5% road is also occupied by the hawkers, salesman and shopkeepers. A significant portion is occupied by construction materials and waste-containers of the City Corporation. As a result, vehicles do not get sufficient space to move on. Besides this, in most cases roads are serpentine rather than being straight. This ultimately breeds a number of unnecessary junctions where vehicles automatically slow down. Again, these roads are also not well constructed and regularly repaired. City Corporation, DESA, WASA, BTTB excavate the roads randomly without any integrated and central plan. Lack of proper maintenance causes the vehicle to stop without any prior notice. During the rainy season the situation becomes more critical while the roads go under water due to heavy rain.  (c) Heterogeneous vehicles and inadequate public transport: Dhaka is a city of heterogeneous vehicles. Human puller to latest model automobile, mechanical to non-mechanical, slow to fast-moving, nothing left on the road of Dhaka. It is quite difficult to control all these vehicles on the same road as they have different speed capacity. Besides this, public transport system in Dhaka city is not adequate and properly-routed. Instead of big and spacious buses, presence of large number of mini-buses and private vehicles can only contribute to carry few passengers, but not to reduction of traffic congestion. City transports also stop here and there without any valid reason. The three major bus stations, Sayedabad, Gabtoli and Mohakhali do not have sufficient capacity to accommodate all the buses operating from here. A recent addition to road blockage is the long queue of vehicles at CNG stations, which is really difficult to overcome. Challenges we face (a) People are not law abiding: At this stage, I am going to mention a few problems that we always face to address the traffic issues. Most important problem that we realize ‘people are not law abiding, they do not want to follow traffic rules’. Pedestrians show less interest to use footpath, foot-over-bridge or under-pass. Similarly, drivers neither try to maintain the speed nor follow the lane. In most cases, as the punishment is nominal, they tend to breach the rules again and again. (b) Inadequate logistics: Our traffic management system is not automated and well-equipped. All the junctions are not facilitated with signal lights. Where there are lights, most often those remain out of order. Moreover, uneven flow of vehicles from different directions reduces the effectivity of traffic signals. Besides, we do not have sufficient vehicles to chase a car or bus committed an accident. (b) Shortage of Manpower: We do not have sufficient and well-trained human resources. Four thousand officers work in two shifts- morning and afternoon. Due to administrative and other involvement, only fifteen hundred officers can be engaged in one shift to control the movement of millions of people and vehicles in Dhaka City. This figure is quite insufficient to manage the existing traffic scenario. Achievements of Traffic Division Now I am going to highlight a few of our achievements. We have already made most of the important roads free from non-mechanical vehicles especially rickshaw. You can understand very well, complete withdrawal of rickshaw is a very sensitive and delicate issue. Thousands of people are living their lives by pulling rickshaws, and also this is one of the popular communication means for low and mid-level income group people. However, following the existing rules, and time to time government instructions, we have conducted several operations against illegal rickshaws and filed a number of cases. We have introduced one way vehicle movement strategy in different areas. This has given much better result. We are taking strict legal action against violators of traffic rules. Last year we filed 4 lakh 88 thousand cases and realized 16 crore 50 lakh taka as fine. We have arranged several strategic and motivational meetings with government and transport agencies and finally succeeded to control the movement of truck and other long-route vehicles. Now trucks and long-route buses can enter city only after 10 o’clock at night. We have also conducted special operation against model-out vehicles and the number has reduced significantly. Removal of baby taxi is a notable example. Recommendations However, it is understandable that resolving the problem of traffic jam in Dhaka city is not possible within a short time. It needs both short-term and long-term strategies. Short-term strategies may include re-adjusting the school and office time keeping at least one hour difference, re-routing the public transport, reducing and replacing private transport with convenient and cheaper public transport, fixing different fare for rush and non-rush hour and finally keeping the foot-ways free from hawkers and shopkeepers. Long-term strategies, on the other hand, may be constructing long flyover from one end to another end of city, introducing underground rail service, undertaking co-ordinated and integrated strategies among different agencies working for city development, replacing rickshaws by assuring proper rehabilitation of rickshaw-pullers, constructing under-pass and foot-over-bridge in different important junctions and finally decentralizing the city itself. To reduce traffic congestion in Dhaka City, the most vital prerequisite that I feel, is the development of public consciousness. Unless and until we change our perception and develop a mind to abide traffic rules, whatever strategy we take, that will not work properly. I believe, our law-abiding consciousness, good-intention and sincere co-operation can remarkably reduce traffic jam in Dhaka city. These were all from me. At this stage, I would like to invite questions from you. I believe, your participation will make the session more enjoyable and will definitely enrich my understanding and knowledge. Again, I would like to take the honour to extend my cordial thanks and appreciation to the authority of ‘American Chamber of Commerce in Bangladesh’ for inviting me here in this scholarly gathering. I do believe, today’s ceremony is a shiny reflection of better friendship and relationship between Bangladesh and US government. I hope and expect, in future, this relationship will bring more fruitful and beneficial results for both the countries. Traffic Management Expected questions (Arguments) 1. Rickshaw -Complexities in withdrawal of rickshaw (a) Huge employment (b) Vehicles for low income and mid level income group people (c) Environment friendly (pollution free) (d) No fuel consumption recommendation (a) Withdrawal of rickshaw phase by phase (b) At present may be allowed in pocket roads 3. Deployment of Army reduces traffic Jam (e) Situation sustains for short time (f) Jam shifts from one place to another (g) Number of manpower increases 4. Cantonment -Traffic Scenario is better (a) Limited vehicles run (b) Most of the people are disciplined as they are military representative 5. Limitations -Police face (a) Manually operated (b) Not equipped with advanced technology (c) Not well trained human resources (d) Most cases Constable does not have arresting power (Sergeant required) (e) Nominal fine (f) (f) do not have vehicles to chase car or buses Achievements of traffic division (a) Roads are free from human puller (b) One way roads (c) Controlled movement of trucks and long-route buses (d) Cases filed – 4 lakh 88 thousand (Year 2007) (e) Revenue earned – 16 crore 50 lakh ( Year 2007 ) 7. Areas to emphasize We need integrated and holistic approach (a) Traffic Education (for mass people) (b) Traffic Engineering (infrastructure) (c) Traffic Enforcement (by police) (d) Traffic Environment (participation of all) 8. Punishment given – 300 officers (2007) From Northern part of Dhaka, main business district Motijheel is about 25 kilometers. If a car moves at the speed of 60 KM per hour, one should reach Motijheel in 25 minutes. If at 30 KM per hour, even than people should reach in 1 hour maximum. But it is a common scenario in Dhaka that to reach from Northern part to the main business district during rush hours one needs more than 2 hours at least. Sometimes it is even 4 hours. During all governments in the recent years, it has been a public demand that government should take steps to ease Dhaka traffic congestion. To ease traffic congestion, during the last BNP government [2001-2006] two FLYOVERS has been constructed in Dhaka. One at Banani and the other at Khilgaon area of the city. Adding of two flyovers doesn’t seem to have done much in easing traffic congestion. Government has to think of other substitutes. Already government has declared building of circular river ways centering Dhaka. During the rule of BNP government a circular river way was made. But because of poor maintenance and improper management, the venture didn’t work. Massive renovation work is required to put the things back in shape. The concerned minister has already taken initiative to restore the river ways around Dhaka. Once it was believed that main reason for Dhaka Traffic Congestion is slow moving Rickshaws. But, now a day almost all the main avenues of Dhaka are free from Rickshaws. Except for a few main avenues and inner lanes, Dhaka is free from Rickshaws. Removing of Rickshaws certainly has been beneficial in doing something, e. g.  , if Dhaka still had Rickshaws plying on the main roads along with the fast moving vehicles, Dhaka would completely paralyze. Expansion of commuter train service connecting Dhaka and adjacent districts in order to reduce pressure of traffic in the capital is under active consideration of the government. The government has a plan to introduce more commuter trains connecting Dhaka with its adjacent districts to free th e capital from traffic congestion. One problem still remains, as some of the Rail-Ways pass through one of the busiest roads in Dhaka, when Trains pass; obstruction has to be created to avoid collision. According to experts that creates congestion not only near the Rail Gates but in the whole city. There is a substitute method in resolving traffic congestion. Many experts believe that there should be no rail roads within the city. These roads which belong to the Rail Ways can be transformed into ONE WAY EXPRESS WAY with FLYOVERS or UNDERPASSES where it meets the existing roads. Uttara Model Town is located in the Northern end of the Metropolitan Dhaka. There is already a Railway station quite adjacent to Uttara. According to many, Trains coming from other districts, should not be allowed to go within the city. Because it hampers the flow of other vehicles. There was a time when Dhaka International Airport was within the city. When the airport was shifted from the main city to the present location, people thought it was needless. But now, need to shift even the present airport to a far-away place is under active consideration. Same way, in case of the Railway Station, the main station is located in the busiest area of the city, Kamalapur. Kamalapur Railway Station was built in the sixties. The railway minister put emphasis on improving the railway system as train fares is cheaper and the service comfortable compared to other modes of transport. But it should be also considered that if more trains run, more of traffic congestion will surely be created as it will interrupt other vehicles to flow smoothly! Men have stepped on the moon. Now they are going from one place to another with few hours. But the citizens of Dhaka(sometimes) can not reach to Gulistan Jatrabari from Mohakhali or Farmgate within few hours. Who is responsible for this? Traffic Jam is that magician. Traffic jam has become a great monster in our modern life. Traffic jam has turned daily trips into nightmares. The business community inevitably suffers for the constant waste of its most precious resource of time. Others commuters complain of being stuck in jam for hours an end, while residents breathe in a lat more lead and almost 10 percent of its population seeks medical treatment each year for air pollution related respiratory illnesses. I. Drivers don’t comply with traffic rules. II. Allegations of police support to makeshift shops on footpaths and street sidelines and illegal automobile and rickshaw parking, which occupy more than a third of the streets. III. Some police officers are busy for extracting money for allowing illegal parking. IV. Lack of automatic traffic signals, slow-moving illegal rickshaws and rail crossings are also causing serious traffic jam. Many roads of Dhaka city are not spacious according to the necessity. As aresult, traffic jam occurs very now and then in the congested areas even of the highways. Overtaking tendency is another reason which causes traffic jam. Moreover, our traffic system is not so modern and the number of traffic police is insufficient. It is a matter of shame that some so-called politicians.  , student leaders and selfish persons also create traffic jam in order to fulfill their evil desires Rickshaws also reate traffic jam. Traffic jam stops our normal course of life. At office time it is painful to mention that the foreigners hesitate to invest in our country for traffic jam. It is very shameful for us. In this way it defames our prestige to the foreigners. Above all traffic jam always poll utes our environment. Obnoxious smell emits form standing vehicles. The following remedial measures can be adopted for eliminating the traffic jam: I. Stricter laws need to be enforced to maintain discipline. II. The number of mobile courts and checkpoints should be increased III. Harsh punishment must be imposed on those law enforcing members who does not carry out their duty. IV. The signal post should be constructed as early as possible. V. The awareness campaign should be launched which will feature community level meetings, opinion pools, roadside banners, leaflets and posters, mass media advertisement and public announcement to build awareness about making road free from rickshaws. VI. Rickshaws should be banned from the roads such as Rokeya Sarani-Mirpur 10-Farmgate, Pragati Sarani-Baridhara-Badda-Mouchak,New Eskaton Road-Banglamotor-Mouchak-Rafarbagh Crossing and Techical crossing-Mirpur-1-Mipur 2 and Azimpur to Tikatauli, Purana Purana Paltan to Sodarghat via North-South road also. VII. According to Dhaka City Corporation (DCC), 77,000 rickshaws and 10,000 vans are registered but about three lakh rickshaws ply the streets. So the authorities need to evict illegal rickshaws. So if we don’t be aware and the authority don’t take the remedial measures to eliminate the Traffic Jam in Dhaka city the situation will turn even more difficult with the illegal automobile and rickshaws parking 22-mile traffic jam on Interstate 10 A pavement rehab project that was to be finished by Sunday morning, Feb. 12, went beyond its deadline and caused a 22-mile traffic jam on Interstate 10 by noon, and caused one of the region’s members of Congress to complain to the federal government about the traffic snarl. – 6 hours ago Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient A traffic jam at the toll plaza located at Shahjahanpur village of Alwar district that lasted for almost an hour proved fatal for a 38-year-old man who was on his way to Jaipur following a heart attack. – 33 hours ago Traffic jam leads to gun incident in Maumelle Maumelle police responded to a Maumelle woman who said another woman pulled a gun on her after they were stopped in a traffic jam on Interstate 40. – 28 hours ago The Answer To Jakarta’s Traffic Jam? When I recall all those futuristic TV series such as â€Å"The Jetsons† or the movies such as â€Å"The Fifth Element† (Milla Jovovich was hot!  ) and â€Å"Back To The Future 2? , nearly everybody drives personal aircraft. Posting lengkap dapat ditemukan di: http://politikana. com/baca/2010/09/29/the-answer-to-jakarta-s-traffic-jam. html – 8 days ago Traffic jam brewing for Astros on the infield The Astros have a traffic jam approaching on the infield. At least eight players are vying for six infield spots and another — Rule 5 draftee Marwin Gonzalez — must be kept on the roster for the full season or be offered back to Boston. The competition may be more difficult on the corners, where five players are duking it out for first and third base positions.  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 12 days ago Students block Montreal bridge to protest tuition hikes; traffic chaos ensues MONTREAL – Student protesters triggered a monster traffic jam in Montreal by blocking off access to a bridge this morning. – 9 days ago Transportation Bill Hits Traffic Jam You can add transportation to the long list of issues hitting a roadblock in Washington. Funding for New Hampshire’s I-93 expansion may get s tuck in the beltway traffic jam. – 36 hours ago Repair work causes U. S. 190 bottleneck south of Covington A lane closure on U. S.  190 southbound, south of Covington, has caused a substantial traffic jam Thursday afternoon. Ron Thibodeaux, The Times-PicayuneTraffic has backed up on southbound U. S. 190 south of Covington Southbound traffic backed up two to three†¦ – 15 hours ago VDOT to fine contractor over I-95 traffic jam – Richmond Times Dispatch VDOT to fine contractor over I-95 traffic jam Richmond Times Dispatch VDOT will fine the contractor on the Interstate 95 bridges project for creating a traffic jam during Thursday morning’s rush hour in Richmond. The Virginia Department of Transportation said it intends to penalize Archer Western Contractors $13000 to †¦ and more  » – 7 hours ago Traffic jams waste 1. 9 billion gallons of gas per year – New York Daily News New York Daily News Traffic jams waste 1. 9 billion gallons of gas per year New York Daily News By Josh Max / NEW YORK DAILY NEWS Vehicles sit in a traffic jam on the northbound Garden State Parkway Friday, Aug.  26, 2011, near Ocean View, NJ No matter how many miles your vehicle gets to the gallon when it’s moving, its mileage when it’s stalled †¦ and more  » – 2 days ago Traffic Heavy in Parts of Jakarta, Quiet in Others – Jakarta Globe Jakarta Globe Traffic Heavy in Parts of Jakarta, Quiet in Others Jakarta Globe (Antara Photo) Traffic congestion was reported in a number of areas in Jakarta and on toll roads leading to the capital on Friday, as thousands of anti-fuel hike protesters gathered at the House of Repres entatives in West Jakarta, with thousands of †¦ – 4 hours ago RM 620 congestion bad, but maybe not enough to pursue fixes – Austin American-Statesman Austin American-Statesman RM 620 congestion bad, but maybe not enough to pursue fixes Austin American-Statesman Traffic on RM 620 piles up during the Thursday afternoon rush hour northeast of Anderson Mill Road. The volume of vehicles traveling the 18. 5 miles between US 183 in Northwest Austin and US 71 in Bee Cave has tripled in some sections since 1990. – 7 hours ago Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient – Times of India Toll plaza jam takes toll on heart patient Times of India ALWAR: A traffic jam at the toll plaza located at Shahjahanpur village of Alwar district that lasted for almost an hour proved fatal for a 38-year-old man who was on his way to Jaipur following a heart attack. Due to the traffic jam at the toll plaza, †¦ and more  » – 34 hours ago Heavy wind causes major traffic jam and property damage – Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City Heavy wind causes major traffic jam and property damage Fox 13 Now – Salt Lake City A semi-trailer tipped over and blocked traffic on southbound Interstate 15 near the Point of the Mountain around 8:00 am The accident created a traffic jam that stretched around the point and into southern Salt Lake County. Traffic was diverted into †¦ and more  » – 2 days ago ‘Bumper-to-Bumper Traffic at 90 Miles an Hour’, Ragan Enjoys Challenge of †¦ – WhoWon. com ‘Bumper-to-Bumper Traffic at 90 Miles an Hour’, Ragan Enjoys Challenge of †¦ WhoWon. com STATESVILLE, NC — No one enjoys being in a traffic jam, but David Ragan can’t wait to get into the bumper-to-bumper traffic of Martinsville (Va. ) Speedway. Sunday’s Goody’s Fast Relief 500 will return Ragan to one of his favorite tracks – the †¦ and more  » – 41 hours ago When you first step foot in the capital city, Dhaka of Bangladesh, the first thing you will notice is the intense traffic jam. Dhaka is facing one of the major problems that is already being faced by other big cities in the world, more vehicle than the amount of the roads. Therefore, as a result, traffic jams are increasing day by day and it is becoming one of the most intolerable factors of the country. Since Bangladesh is a small country, the capital city is considered as one of the biggest one. It has roads as much wide as it was needed and wherever needed. But, in the recent times, there has been a significant increase in the number of vehicles of the city. With the other reasons as well, the whole problem is becoming one of the biggest ones of the country. The main problems identified for the traffic jams are: Increase in the number of vehicles Poor traffic management system Rickshaws Illegal parking Scarcity of parking spots Tendency to break the traffic law The increased number of vehicles is an alarming factor for the country. A recent statistics shows that each day, Dhaka city gets 2000 new vehicles. For these purposes, neither did Bangladesh government plan ahead, nor they are taking any significant measures now-a-days. As a result, more and more traffic jam is making the lives of normal people a living hell. Traffic management system of Bangladesh is still the ones that were used to be in the 80s. Therefore, the new methods of traffic management is not being applied properly. Rickshaws, however, are identified as one of the most common reason for traffic jams. The number of rickshaws is very much high and they don’t maintain any law whatsoever. However, you cannot eradicate them off the street either because they are one of the best ways of communication and the greenest vehicle you may find. Parkings in the country is horrible because there isn’t enough space for parking. Most of the buildings of the country thought of having room for their works inside their buildings b